Gas Exchange

Question 1

The process by which oxygen is transported TO the cells and carbon dioxide is transported FROM the cells

Answer 1

Gas Exchange

Question 2

The flow of blood through arteries and capillaries delivering nutrients and oxygen to the cells

Answer 2

Perfusion

Question 3

Insufficient flow of oxygenated blood to tissues.

Answer 3

Ischemia

Question 4

Insufficient oxygen reaching cells.

Answer 4

Hypoxia

Question 5

Total lack of oxygen in body tissues.

Answer 5

Anoxia

Question 6

Reduced oxygenation of arterial blood.

Answer 6

Hypoxemia

Question 7

What disorders can lead to changes in gas exchange?

Answer 7

Asthma, pneumonia, COPD, emphysema, and chronic bronchitis.

Question 8

What are three broad categories of gas exchange?

Answer 8

1. Ventilation
2. Transportation
3. Perfusion

Question 9

The process of inhaling oxygen into the lungs and exhaling carbon dioxide from the lungs.

Answer 9

Ventilation

Question 10

The availability of (hg) hemoglobin and its ability to carry oxygen from the alveoli to the cells for metabolism and take carbon dioxide produced by cellular metabolism from cells to alveoli to be eliminated.

Answer 10

Transportation

Question 11

Refers to the availability of blood to transport oxygen-containing (hg) hemoglobin to the cells and return carbon dioxide-containing (hg) hemoglobin to the alveoli.

Answer 11

Perfusion

Question 13

What mild impairment is common with compromised gas exchange?

Answer 13

Fatigue

Question 14

An acute infection of the lung parenchyma.

Answer 14

Pneumonia

Question 15

An acute lung infection occurring in patients that have not been hospitalized or lived in long-term care facility within 14 days of onset of symptoms.

Answer 15

Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP)

Question 16

From a non-intubated patient that begins 48 hours or longer after admission to hospital and was not present upon admission.

Answer 16

Hospital Acquired Pneumonia (HAP)

Question 17

Occurs more than 48 hours after endotracheal intubation.

Answer 17

Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia

Question 18

1. Most common type.
2. Occurs in 1/3 of all cases.
3. It may be mild and self-limiting or cause life-threatening problems.

Answer 18

Viral Pneumonia

Question 19

May be extremely unwell and need hospital admission.

Answer 19

Bacterial Pneumonia

Question 20

1. Has traits of both viral and bacteria.
2. Often called “atypical.”
3. Mild and often occurs in persons younger than <40 yrs.

Answer 20

Mycoplasma Pneumonia

Question 21

Abnormal entry of material from the mouth or stomach into the trachea and lungs.

Answer 21

Aspiration Pneumonia

Question 22

A rare complication of bacterial lung infection.

Answer 22

Necrotizing Pneumonia

Question 23

Inflammation and infection of the LRT in immunocompromised patients.

Answer 23

Opportunistic Pneumonia

Question 24

The absence of gas or air in 1 or more areas of the lung, may occur with pneumonia.
May be symptomatic.

Answer 24

Atelectasis

Question 25

A feature typical of bacterial pneumonia, occurs when the normally air-filled alveoli become filled with water, fluid, and/or debris

Answer 25

Consolidation

Question 26

Infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Answer 26

Tuberculosis

Question 27

Gold standard in testing for TB.

Answer 27

Sputum culture

Question 28

Characterized by bronchial hyperreactivity with reversed expiratory airflow limitation, either spontaneously or with treatment.

Answer 28

Asthma

Question 29

Considered a medication.
Needs an order.
Watch for toxicity (coughing, chest pain, dyspnea).
Watch for skin breakdown.

Answer 29

Oxygen