Gas delivery systems Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 components of a semi open system?

A
  1. ETT or face mask
  2. Reservoir bag
  3. Reservoir tubing
  4. Pop off valve
  5. Fresh gas inlet
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2
Q

What are some examples of semi open systems?

A

Mapleson A-F, Bain, Circle

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3
Q

What should the fresh gas flow be on a mapleson D during spontaneous ventilation?

A

2-3 times MV

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4
Q

What should the fresh gas flow be on a mapleson D during controlled ventilation?

A

1-2 times MV

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5
Q

What kind of system is used on anesthesia vents?

A

Circle system

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6
Q

What are the seven components of a circle system?

A
  1. Fresh gas flow source
  2. Inspiratory and expiratory unidirectional valves
  3. Inspiratory and expiratory limbs
  4. Y piece connector
  5. APL valve
  6. Reservoir bag
  7. CO2 absorber
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7
Q

How do you calculate O2 consumption?

A

10 x kg ^ (3/4)= ml O2 consumed/min

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8
Q

What are some benefits of rebreathing?

A

cost reduction, adds humidification

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9
Q

What is a disadvantage of rebreathing?

A

Do not want rebreathing of CO2

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10
Q

What are some characteristics of open systems? What are two types of open systems?

A

No gas reservoir bag, no valves, no rebreathing of exhaled gas. 1. Insufflation/Blow by 2. Open drop

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11
Q

What are some advantages/disadvantages of open breathing systems?

A

Advantages: simple, no rebreathing of CO2, avoids direct patient contact. Disadvantages: no ability to assist of control ventilation, environmental pollution, no control of anesthetic depth of FiO2

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12
Q

What are some advantages of mapleson systems

A

simple components, lightweight, can provide positive pressure ventilation, low resistance, portable

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13
Q

What are some disadvantages of the Mapleson system?

A

Requires calculation of FGF, control of anesthetic depth is variable, possible CO2 buildup if FGF not maintained, poor conservation of heat and humidity, FGF is costly

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14
Q

What are some advantages of the circle system?

A

Relative stability of inspired gases, conservation of moisture and heat, prevention of OR pollution, can be used for closed-system anesthesia, can be used with fairly low flows with no rebreathing of CO2, economy of anesthetics and gases, can scavenge waste gases

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15
Q

What are some disadvantages of the circle system?

A

Complex design, has at least 10 connections, potential of malfunctioning valves, increased resistance to breathing, less portable than Mapleson

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16
Q

How do you do a leak test of the circle system?

A

set all gas flows to zero, occlude the y-piece, close the APL valve, pressurize the circuit to 30cm H20 using the O2 flush and ensure that the pressure holds for 10 sec, listen for the sustained pressure alarm, open the APL valve and ensure pressure decreases