Gas Flashcards
What characterizes the gas state of matter?
High translational energy, high degree of disorder, high compressibility, weak attraction between particles
What does the kinetic molecular theory of gases state about the volume of an individual gas molecule?
The volume of an individual gas molecule is negligible compared to the volume of its container
According to the kinetic molecular theory, what forces exist between gas molecules?
There are neither attractive nor repulsive forces between gas molecules
How do gas molecules move according to the kinetic molecular theory?
Gas molecules move randomly in all directions, in straight lines
What happens to the kinetic energy of gas molecules during collisions?
Gas molecules do not lose kinetic energy when they collide with each other or other boundaries
What is the relationship between the kinetic energy of gas molecules and temperature?
The kinetic energy of gas molecules is directly proportional to temperature
How is pressure defined?
Pressure = Force exerted per unit of area (P = F/A)
What are the common units of pressure?
Newtons (N), pascal (Pa), kilopascal (kPa), mm Hg, torr, atmosphere (atm), bars
What is Boyle’s Law?
P1V1=P2V2
What is Charles’ Law?
V1/T1 = V2/T2
What is Gay-Lussac’s Law?
The pressure of a gas at constant volume is directly proportional to its absolute temperature (Pi/Ti = Pf/Tf)
What is the Combined Gas Law?
(P1V1)/T1 = (P2V2)/T2
Fill in the blank: Pressure is defined as ______.
Force exerted per unit of area
True or False: The volume of gas molecules is significant compared to the volume of their container.
False
True or False: Gas molecules experience attractive and repulsive forces.
False
What do gases assume in terms of volume and shape?
Gases assume the volume and shape of their containers.
What is the compressibility of gases compared to other states of matter?
Gases are the most compressible state of matter.
How do gases behave when confined to the same container?
Gases will mix evenly and completely.
How do the densities of gases compare to those of liquids and solids?
Gases have much lower densities than liquids and solids.
What is the assumption regarding the volume of gas molecules in the ideal gas model?
Gas molecules are assumed to have no volume; they are considered as point particles.
What is the assumption about intermolecular forces in an ideal gas?
There are no attractive or repulsive forces between gas molecules.
What describes the motion of gas molecules?
Gas molecules are in constant, random, straight-line motion.
What causes real gases to deviate from ideal behavior?
Deviations occur at low temperatures (significant intermolecular forces) and high pressures (volume of molecules cannot be ignored).
What is Avogadro’s law equation?
V1/n1 = V2/n2
What is the ideal gas equation?
PV = nRT
What does R represent in the ideal gas equation?
R is the gas constant (R = 8.314 L • kPa / (mol • K)).
What are the conditions defined as STAP?
Temperature of 0 degrees Celsius (273.15 Kelvin) and a pressure of 1 atmosphere (101.325 kilopascals).
What are the conditions defined as STP?
Temperature of 0 degrees Celsius (273.15 Kelvin) and a pressure of 1 atmosphere (101.325 kilopascals).
