Gas

Question 1

What characterizes the gas state of matter?

Answer 1

High translational energy, high degree of disorder, high compressibility, weak attraction between particles

Question 2

What does the kinetic molecular theory of gases state about the volume of an individual gas molecule?

Answer 2

The volume of an individual gas molecule is negligible compared to the volume of its container

Question 3

According to the kinetic molecular theory, what forces exist between gas molecules?

Answer 3

There are neither attractive nor repulsive forces between gas molecules

Question 4

How do gas molecules move according to the kinetic molecular theory?

Answer 4

Gas molecules move randomly in all directions, in straight lines

Question 5

What happens to the kinetic energy of gas molecules during collisions?

Answer 5

Gas molecules do not lose kinetic energy when they collide with each other or other boundaries

Question 6

What is the relationship between the kinetic energy of gas molecules and temperature?

Answer 6

The kinetic energy of gas molecules is directly proportional to temperature

Question 7

How is pressure defined?

Answer 7

Pressure = Force exerted per unit of area (P = F/A)

Question 8

What are the common units of pressure?

Answer 8

Newtons (N), pascal (Pa), kilopascal (kPa), mm Hg, torr, atmosphere (atm), bars

Question 10

What is Boyle’s Law?

Answer 10

P1V1=P2V2

Question 13

What is Charles’ Law?

Answer 13

V1/T1 = V2/T2

Question 16

What is Gay-Lussac’s Law?

Answer 16

The pressure of a gas at constant volume is directly proportional to its absolute temperature (Pi/Ti = Pf/Tf)

Question 17

What is the Combined Gas Law?

Answer 17

(P1V1)/T1 = (P2V2)/T2

Question 18

Fill in the blank: Pressure is defined as ______.

Answer 18

Force exerted per unit of area

Question 19

True or False: The volume of gas molecules is significant compared to the volume of their container.

Answer 19

False

Question 20

True or False: Gas molecules experience attractive and repulsive forces.

Answer 20

False

Question 22

What do gases assume in terms of volume and shape?

Answer 22

Gases assume the volume and shape of their containers.

Question 23

What is the compressibility of gases compared to other states of matter?

Answer 23

Gases are the most compressible state of matter.

Question 24

How do gases behave when confined to the same container?

Answer 24

Gases will mix evenly and completely.

Question 25

How do the densities of gases compare to those of liquids and solids?

Answer 25

Gases have much lower densities than liquids and solids.

Question 26

What is the assumption regarding the volume of gas molecules in the ideal gas model?

Answer 26

Gas molecules are assumed to have no volume; they are considered as point particles.

Question 27

What is the assumption about intermolecular forces in an ideal gas?

Answer 27

There are no attractive or repulsive forces between gas molecules.

Question 29

What describes the motion of gas molecules?

Answer 29

Gas molecules are in constant, random, straight-line motion.

Question 30

What causes real gases to deviate from ideal behavior?

Answer 30

Deviations occur at low temperatures (significant intermolecular forces) and high pressures (volume of molecules cannot be ignored).

Question 31

What is Avogadro’s law equation?

Answer 31

V1/n1 = V2/n2

Question 32

What is the ideal gas equation?

Answer 32

PV = nRT

Question 33

What does R represent in the ideal gas equation?

Answer 33

R is the gas constant (R = 8.314 L • kPa / (mol • K)).

Question 34

What are the conditions defined as STAP?

Answer 34

Temperature of 0 degrees Celsius (273.15 Kelvin) and a pressure of 1 atmosphere (101.325 kilopascals).

Question 35

What are the conditions defined as STP?

Answer 35

Temperature of 0 degrees Celsius (273.15 Kelvin) and a pressure of 1 atmosphere (101.325 kilopascals).