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garmmer Flashcards

1
Q

What is an independent Clauses

A

Contains a subject and verb and is complement and can stand on its own

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2
Q

What is a Dependent Clause

A

Definition: A group of words that contains a subject and a predicate but cannot stand alone as a complete sentence.
Example: “Because it was raining.”

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3
Q

Simple Sentence:

A

Definition: A sentence that consists of only one independent clause.
Example: “He ran to catch the bus.”

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4
Q

Compound Sentence:

A

Definition: A sentence that consists of two or more independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction or a semicolon.
Example: “I went to the store, and she stayed home.”

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5
Q

Complex Sentence:

A

Definition: A sentence that consists of one independent clause and at least one dependent clause.
Example: “Although she was tired, she continued working.”

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6
Q

Compound-Complex Sentence:

A

Definition: A sentence that consists of two or more independent clauses and at least one dependent clause.
Example: “I went to the store, but I forgot to buy milk because I was in a hurry.”

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7
Q

Compound Sentences Coordinator:

A

Definition: A word used to connect two independent clauses in a compound sentence. FanBoys
Example: Fan Boys means For, and, nor, but, or, yet, so

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8
Q

Conjunctive Adverb:

A

Definition: An adverb that connects two independent clauses or sentences and shows the relationship between them.
Example: “however,” “therefore,” “in addition.” (semicolon + conjunctive adverb + comma ) “He worked very hard; as a result, he suffered a burnout.”

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9
Q

List of Conjunctive Adverbs:

A

however
therefore
furthermore
moreover
nevertheless
consequently
meanwhile
similarly
on the other hand

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10
Q

Compound Sentences Semicolon:

A

Definition: A punctuation mark (;) used to join two independent clauses without a coordinating conjunction.
Example: “I love to swim; it helps me relax.”

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11
Q

Complex Sentences Noun Clause:

A

Complex Sentences Noun Clause:
Definition: A dependent clause that functions as a noun within a complex sentence.
Example: “I wonder if she will come.”

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12
Q

Adverb Clause:

A

Adverb Clause:
Definition: A dependent clause that functions as an adverb within a sentence.
Example: “Since it was raining, we stayed indoors.”

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13
Q

Adjective Clause:

A

Definition: A dependent clause that functions as an adjective within a sentence.
Example: “The car that is parked outside is mine.”

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14
Q

Parallelism Grammar:

A

Definition: The use of consistent grammatical structures within a sentence or paragraph.

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15
Q

Sentence Fragments:

A

Definition: Incomplete sentences that lack a subject, predicate, or complete thought.
Example: “Running in the park.”

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16
Q

Choppy Sentences:

A

Definition: Sentences that are too short and lack flow or variety.
Example: “I woke up. I got dressed. I ate breakfast.”

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17
Q

Run-on Sentences:

A

Definition: Two or more independent clauses joined together without proper punctuation or conjunctions.
Example: “She went to the store I stayed home.”

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18
Q

Comma Splice:

A

Definition: Two independent clauses joined together with only a comma, without a coordinating conjunction.
Example: “She went to the store, I stayed home.”

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19
Q

Stingy Sentence:

A

Stingy Sentence:
Definition: A sentence that lacks detail and is brief to the point of being uninformative.
Example: “It rained.”

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20
Q

Independent Noun Clauses:

A

Definition: Noun clauses that can function as independent clauses in a sentence.
Example: “What she said surprised me.”

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21
Q

Subjunctive Noun Clauses:

A

Definition: Noun clauses that express a hypothetical or unreal situation.
Example: “If I were you, I would go.”

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22
Q

Whether or If Noun Clauses:

A

Definition: Noun clauses that introduce choices or options.
Example: “Whether we go or stay is up to you.”

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23
Q

Question Clauses:

A

Definition: Clauses that ask a question within a sentence.
Example: “Do you know where he went?”

24
Q

Adverb Clauses:

A

Definition: Clauses that function as adverbs, providing information about time, place, reason, or manner.
Example: “He left early so that he wouldn’t be late.”

25
Subordinating Conjunction:
Definition: A word that connects a dependent clause to an independent clause. Example: "because," "although," "if."
26
Time Clauses:
Definition: Adverb clauses that provide information about when an action takes place. Example: "She left before the sun rose."
27
Place Clauses:
Definition: Adverb clauses that provide information about where an action takes place. Example: "He looked for his keys where he usually leaves them."
28
Distance Clauses:
Definition: Adverb clauses that provide information about the distance an action takes place. Example: "He could see the mountains as far as the eye could see."
29
Frequency Clauses:
Definition: Adverb clauses that provide information about how often an action takes place. Example: "She exercises whenever she has free time."
30
Manner Clauses:
Definition: Adverb clauses that provide information about how an action is performed. Example: "She sang as if she were on stage."
31
Reason Clause:
Definition: Adverb clauses that provide information about why an action takes place. Example: "She stayed at home because she was feeling unwell."
32
Result Clause:
Definition: Adverb clauses that provide information about the result or consequence of an action. Example: "He studied hard, so he passed the exam."
33
Purpose Clause:
Definition: Adverb clauses that provide information about the purpose or intention behind an action. Example: "He took the umbrella so that he wouldn't get wet."
34
Contrast Clause:
Definition: Adverb clauses that provide information about a contrast or difference between two actions. Example: "She works hard, whereas he prefers to relax."
35
Condition:
Definition: Adverb clauses that provide information about a condition that must be met for an action to occur. Example: "If it rains, we will stay indoors."
36
A Comma is Obligatory Before 'While' and 'Whereas':
Definition: A rule stating that a comma should be used before the coordinating conjunctions "while" and "whereas" when joining independent clauses. Example: "She enjoys reading, while he prefers watching movies."
37
Adjective Clauses:
Definition: Clauses that function as adjectives, modifying nouns or pronouns. Example: "The book that I borrowed from the library is excellent."
38
Possessive Adjective Clauses:
Definition: Adjective clauses that show possession or ownership. Example: "The dog whose tail is wagging is mine."
39
Restrictive Clauses:
Definition: Adjective clauses that provide essential information about a noun and cannot be removed from the sentence without changing its meaning. Example: "The car that is parked outside is mine."
40
Adjective Clauses of Time:
Definition: Adjective clauses that provide information about the time-related characteristics of a noun. Example: "The day when I met her was memorable."
41
Adjective Clauses of Place:
Definition: Adjective clauses that provide information about the location-related characteristics of a noun. Example: "The house where I grew up is still standing."
42
Participial Phrases:
Definition: Phrases that contain a participle (verb form) and function as adjectives in a sentence. Example: "The boy standing near the tree is my brother."
43
Verb:
Definition: A word that expresses an action, occurrence, or state of being. Example: "She sings beautifully."
44
Adverb:
Definition: A word that modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb, providing additional information about time, place, manner, degree, etc. Example: "He ran quickly."
45
Noun:
Definition: A word that represents a person, place, thing, or idea. Example: "The cat is sleeping."
46
Adjective:
Definition: A word that describes or modifies a noun or pronoun, providing more information about its qualities or attributes. Example: "She has a beautiful smile."
47
Lack of Parallelism: Examples
Example: "She likes to dance, singing, and hiking." Solution: "She likes to dance, sing, and hike." Example: "The concert was energetic, entertaining, and had great performers." Solution: "The concert was energetic, entertaining, and had great performers." Example: "He enjoys playing basketball, to swim, and going for a run." Solution: "He enjoys playing basketball, swimming, and going for a run."
48
Sentence Fragments:
Example: "Running in the park." Solution: "I enjoy running in the park." Example: "Because it was raining." Solution: "We stayed indoors because it was raining." Example: "At the beach." Solution: "We had a wonderful time at the beach."
49
Choppy Sentences:
Example: "I woke up. I got dressed. I ate breakfast." Solution: "I woke up, got dressed, and ate breakfast." Example: "She walked to the store. She bought groceries. She went back home." Solution: "She walked to the store, bought groceries, and went back home." Example: "He studied. He worked hard. He got good grades." Solution: "He studied hard and got good grades."
50
Run-on Sentences:
Example: "She went to the store I stayed home." Solution: "She went to the store, and I stayed home." Example: "I love to swim it helps me relax." Solution: "I love to swim; it helps me relax." Example: "The movie was exciting, I couldn't take my eyes off the screen." Solution: "The movie was exciting. I couldn't take my eyes off the screen."
51
Comma Splice Sentences:
Example: "She went to the store, I stayed home." Solution: "She went to the store, and I stayed home." Example: "He loves playing soccer, it's his favorite sport." Solution: "He loves playing soccer; it's his favorite sport." Example: "I enjoy reading books, they take me to different worlds." Solution: "I enjoy reading books; they take me to different worlds."
52
Stingy Sentence:
Example: "It rained." Solution: "It rained heavily for hours." Example: "She won." Solution: "She won the championship." Example: "He laughed." Solution: "He laughed uncontrollably at the joke." I hope these examples and solutions help you understand and identify these issues better. Let me know if you have any further questions!
53
Noun clauses examples after verb
After a verb. He knows that the truth will come out. He believes That he will pass the exam.
54
Noun clause after adjective
It is certain, That he will arrive tomorrow. He is worried That he may not be ready on time.
55
Adjectives
Add information to the noun. The sea was blue and clear. Blue and clear are the adjective as they add more information
56
Adverb
As who, what ,where, how much

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