Gametogenesis

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(spermatogonia) produee sperms by spermatogenesis that begins at

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puberty. The spermatogonia (sing. spermatogonium) present on the

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inside wall of seminiferous tubules multiply by mitotic division and

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increase in numbers. Each spermatogonium is diploid and contains 46

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chromosomes. Some of the spermatogonia called primary

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spermatocytes periodically undergo meiosis. A primary spermatocyte

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completes the first meiotic division (reduction division) leading to

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formation of two equal

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haploid cells called

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secondary spermatocytes

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which have only

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23 chromosomes each. The secondary

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spermatocytes undergo the second meiotic

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division to produce four equal

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haploid

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spermatids (Figure 2.5). What would be the

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number of chromosome in the spermatids?

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The spermatids are transformed into

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spermatozoa (sperms) by the process called

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spermiogenesis. After spermiogenesis

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sperm heads become embedded in the

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Sertoli cells

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and are finally released from

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the seminiferous tubules by the process

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called spermiation.

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Spermat

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Spermatogenesis starts at the age of

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puberty due to significant increase in the

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secretion of gonadotropin releasing hormone

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(GnRH). This

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if you recall

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levels of GnRH then acts at the anterior pituitary gland and stimulates

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secretion of two gonadotropins - luteinising hormone (LH) and follicle

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stimulating hormone (FSH). LH acts at the Leydig cells and stimulates

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synthesis and secretion of androgens. Androgens

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in turn

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process of spermatogenesis. FSH acts on the Sertoli cells and stimulates

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Sper

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-Seco

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sperm

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Pri

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sperm

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Sperma

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Figure 2.5 Diagrammatic sectiona

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seminiferous tubule (en