gamete production & fertilisation 2.1

Question 1

testes

Answer 1

produce sperm in the seminiferous tubules and testosterone in the interstitial cells

Question 2

seminiferous tubules

Answer 2

tiny tubes in testes containing germline cells which divide by meiosis to produce sperm cells

Question 3

interstitial cells

Answer 3

located in tissue between seminiferous tubules and produce testosterone which passes through the bloodstream

Question 4

testosterone

Answer 4

promotes sperm production in seminiferous tubules and stimulates prostate gland and seminal vesicles to secrete fluids

Question 5

seminal vesicles and prostate gland

Answer 5

secrete fluids that maintain viability and mobility of sperm

Question 6

ovaries

Answer 6

contain germline cells which divide by meiosis to produce eggs (ova) and contain immature ova at various stages of development

Question 7

follicles

Answer 7

surround and protect developing eggs and secrete hormone oestrogen

Question 8

corpus luteum

Answer 8

following ovulation the follicle develops into a corpus luteum which secretes the hormone progesterone

Question 9

oviduct

Answer 9

site of fertilisation where ovum is fertilised by a sperm cell to produce a zygote

Question 10

uterus

Answer 10

site of implantation of blastocyst which develops into an embryo

Question 11

cervix

Answer 11

opening of uterus which secretes cervical mucus important in fertility

Question 12

fertilisation

Answer 12

mature ova is released into the oviduct where they may be fertilised by a sperm to form a zygote and the haploid nuclei of the sperm and the haploid nuclei of the egg fuse together to form a diploid zygote

Question 13

embryo formation

Answer 13

-the zygote divides repeatedly by mitosis (cleavage) to form a blastocyst
-the blastocyst continues along the oviduct and enters the uterus where it implants into the endometrium
-it then completes its development into an embryo