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Music Theory > Gamakam > Flashcards

Gamakam Flashcards

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1
Q

Gamakam definition

A

Vibrations or oscillations of the swaras.
Is rare to sing plain notes with no oscillations

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2
Q

Swaras which do not have gamakas

A

Suddha swaras

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3
Q

Raga where all swaras are sung to Gamakas

A

Sarva Swara Gamaka Varika ragas

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4
Q

The role of Gamakas

A

Serve to determine melodic character of the raga.
2 ragas with same arohana and avarohana and derived from the same melakarthas can be differentiated using Gamakas.

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5
Q

Where are Gamakas found

A

Vedic chants

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6
Q

History of the Gamakas

A

Nagatheva (bharatha natya sastra) - spoke of 7 gamakas
Naratha (Sangita Makaranda) - spoke of 19 gamakas
Sarngadeva (Sangita Ratnakara) - spoke of 15 Gamaka and definitions

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7
Q

Names of the 10 Dasavitha gamakams

A

Arohana Gamakam
Avarohana Gamakam
Dhalu Gamakam
Sphurita Gamakam
Kampita Gamakam
Ahata Gamakam
Pratyahata Gamakam
Tripuncha Gamakam
Andola (Andolitam) Gamakam
Moorchana Gamakam

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8
Q

Arohana Gamakam

A

Grace embracing notes in ascending order eg srgmpdns

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9
Q

Avarohana Gamakam

A

Grace embracing notes in descending order eg sndpmgrs

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10
Q

Dhalu gamakam

A

Starts on basic note and produces higher note in relation to the raga eg sP- sM- sG- sR-

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11
Q

Sphurita gamakam

A

Janta Swara phrase (double notes) where lower not on each group is faintly heard with stress on 2nd janta Swara eg SS- RR- GG- MM

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12
Q

Kampita Gamakam

A

A shake. The manipulation of a note is such that there is not even the suggestion of adjacent notes eg Ppp - ppP

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13
Q

Ahata Gamakam

A

A Swara phrase like sr rg gm mp. In ascending order

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14
Q

Pratyahata Gamakam

A

A Swara phrase eg sn nd dp pm. In descending order

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15
Q

Tripuncha Gamakam

A

When notes occur in triple order such as sss rrr ggg mmm

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16
Q

Andola (Andolitam) Gamakam

A

Swinging movement produced by phrases eg srsDd srsPp srsMm srsGg

17
Q

Moorchana Gamakam

A

Starting on sadjam and proceeding regularly in arohana krama and finish on dirga (long note) Nishadam. The starting on Rishabam and going up etc
Eg srgmpdN rgmpdnS gmpdnsR mpdnsrG

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