Gallipoli Flashcards
Background of Gallipoli campaign
-after war broke out … joined on … side
-early in war … and … fought in the … mountains, and … generals looked to … and France for …
-the British and … wanted to get … of the D… so they could get … to Russia
-and they also though it would … Germany
-after war broke out turkey joined on Germanys side
-early in war turkey and Russia fought in the Caucasus mountains, and Russian generals looked to Britain and France for help
-the British and French wanted to get control of the Dardanelles so they could get supplies to Russia
-and they also though it would distract Germany
The plan of Gallipoli
-Winston … (head of British …) created an … plan
-he believed that if they took over … then turkeys … would join … and defeat …-…, leaving Germany … and ….
-the plan was for the … to destroy Turkish … on the coast then … up to the …
-Winston Churchill (head of British navy) created an invasion plan
-he believed that if they took over turkey then turkeys neighbours would join Britain and defeat Austria-Hungary, leaving Germany isolated and surrounded
-the plan was for the navy to destroy Turkish forts on the coast then sail up to the capital
The attack on Gallipoli
Phase …- 19th … 1915:
-… and French ships attacked … forts at the entrance to the …
—>they took … within …
Phase 2- 18th … 19….:
-… battleships supported by w… and m… sailed to the Dardanelles
-they were met with huge … and had to …
Phase 3- 25th … 1915:
-a land … was needed
-… generals told Britain they would need …k soldiers, however lord … only sent …k
-the forces were mainly … (Australia and New Zealand Army Corps)
-the … were ready with …k troops along the …
-lots were shot down with … guns
-they were unable to … through and were forced to dig …
Phase 1- 19th feb 1915:
-British and French ships attacked Turkish forts at the entrance to the Dardanelles
—>they took control within days
Phase 2- 18th march 1915:
-18 battleships supported by warships and minesweepers sailed to the Dardanelles
-they were met with huge resistance and had to retreat
Phase 3- 25th April 1915:
-a land invasion was needed
-Greek generals told Britain they would need 150k soldiers, however lord kitchener only sent 70k
-the forces were mainly ANZAC (Australia and New Zealand Army Corps)
-the Turks were ready with 84k troops along the coast
-lots were shot down with machine guns
-they were unable to break through and were forced to dig trenches
Results of Gallipoli
-… in the … were terrible
—>sweltering …, food and … was …, and …% caught disease
-in … the attack was seen as a …
-in … …k soldiers were …
-it cost …k allied lives
-… remained in the war, and … could not reach the …
-… also joined the … on … and germanys side
-conditions in the trenches were terrible
—>sweltering heat, food and water was contaminated, and 80% caught disease
-in Britain the attack was seen as a disaster
-in December 80k soldiers were evacuated
-it cost 200k allied lives
-turkey remained in the war, and supplies could not reach the Russians
-Bulgarian also joined the war on turkey and germanys side
