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Cosmology/Astronomy > Galaxies, Nebulae, Voids, etc. > Flashcards

Galaxies, Nebulae, Voids, etc. Flashcards

1
Q

Milky Way galaxy type:

A

SBc (barred spiral galaxy)

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2
Q

Milky Way galaxy diameter:

A

100-120 kly (31-37 kpc)

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3
Q

Milky Way thickness:

A

1 kly (0.3 kpc)

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4
Q

Number of stars in the Milky Way:

A

100–400 billion (1–4 x 10^11) stars

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5
Q

Oldest known star in the Milky Way:

A

13.2 Gyr

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6
Q

Mass of the Milky Way:

A

1.0–1.5 x 10^12 M☉

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7
Q

Sun’s distance to Milky Way’s Galactic Center:

A

27.2 ± 1.1 kly (8.3 ± 0.34 kpc)

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8
Q

Sun’s Galactic rotation period:

A

200 Myr (negative rotation)

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9
Q

Spiral pattern rotation period of Milky Way:

A

50 Myr

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10
Q

Bar pattern rotation period of Milky Way:

A

15–18 Myr

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11
Q

Speed relative to CMB rest frame of Milky Way:

A

552 ± 6 km/s

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12
Q

Galactic year (cosmic year)

A

the duration of time required for the Solar System to orbit once around the center of the Milky Way Galaxy. Estimates of the length of one orbit range from 225 to 250 million “terrestrial” years. According to NASA, the Solar System is traveling at an average speed of 828,000 km/h (230 km/s) or 514,000 mph (143 mi/s), which is about one 1300th of the speed of light. If you could travel at that speed in a jet aircraft along the equator, you would go all the way around the world in approximately 2 minutes and 54 seconds. According to NASA, even at this incredible speed, it still takes the solar system 230 million years to orbit the center of the Milky Way Galaxy one time.

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13
Q

Timeline of universe’s and earth’s history in galactic years:

A
  1. about 61 galactic years ago–Big Bang
  2. about 54 galactic years ago–Birth of the Milky Way
  3. 18.4 galactic years ago–Birth of the Sun
  4. 17–18 galactic years ago–Oceans appear on Earth
  5. 15 galactic years ago–Life begins on Earth
  6. 14 galactic years ago–Prokaryotes appear
  7. 13 galactic years ago–Bacteria appear
  8. 10 galactic years ago–Stable continents appear
  9. 7 galactic years ago–Eukaryotes appear
  10. 6.8 galactic years ago–Multicellular organisms appear
  11. 2.8 galactic years ago–Cambrian explosion
  12. 1 galactic year ago–Permian–Triassic extinction event
  13. 0.26 galactic year ago–Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event
  14. 0.001 galactic year ago–Appearance of modern humans
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14
Q

The Milky Way is located in the centre of which constellation?

A

Sagittarius

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15
Q

Andromeda Galaxy is located in which constellation?

A

Andromeda

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16
Q

Bode’s Galaxy is located in which constellation?

A

Ursa Major

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17
Q

Cartwheel Galaxy is located in which constellation?

A

Sculptor

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18
Q

Cigar Galaxy is located in which constellation?

A

Ursa Major

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19
Q

Comet Galaxy is located in which constellation?

A

Sculptor

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20
Q

Hoag’s Object is located in which constellation?

A

Serpens Caput

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21
Q

Large Magellanic Cloud is located in which constellation?

A

Dorado/Mensa

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22
Q

Small Magellanic Cloud is located in which constellation?

A

Tucana

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23
Q

Mayall’s Object is located in which constellation?

A

Ursa Major

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24
Q

Pinwheel Galaxy is located in which constellation?

A

Ursa Major

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25
Q

Sombrero Galaxy is located in which constellation?

A

Virgo

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26
Q

Sunflower Galaxy is located in which constellation?

A

Canes Venatici

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27
Q

Tadpole Galaxy is located in which constellation?

A

Draco

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28
Q

Whirlpool Galaxy is located in which constellation?

A

Canes Venatici

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29
Q

What is the apparent magnitude of the Milky Way?

A

-26.74 (the Sun)

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30
Q

What is the apparent magnitude of the Large Magellanic Cloud?

A

0.9

31
Q

What is the distance to the Large Magellanic Cloud?

A

160 kly (50 kpc)

32
Q

What is another name for the Small Magellanic Cloud?

A

NGC292

33
Q

What is the apparent magnitude of the Small Magellanic Cloud?

A

2.7

34
Q

What is the distance to the Small Magellanic Cloud?

A

200 kly (60 kpc)

35
Q

What are the other names for the Andromeda Galaxy?

A

M31, NGC224

36
Q

What is the apparent magnitude of the Andromeda Galaxy?

A

3.4

37
Q

What is the distance to the Andromeda Galaxy?

A

2.5 Mly (780 kpc)

38
Q

What is another name for Omega Centauri?

A

NGC5139

39
Q

What is the apparent magnitude of Omega Centauri?

A

3.7

40
Q

What is the distance to Omega Centauri?

A

18 kly (5.5 kpc)

41
Q

What are the other names for the Triangulum Galaxy?

A

M33, NGC598

42
Q

What is the apparent magnitude of the Triangulum Galaxy?

A

5.7

43
Q

What is the distance to the Triangulum Galaxy?

A

2.9 Mly (900 kpc)

44
Q

What is another name for Centaurus A?

A

NGC5128

45
Q

What is the apparent magnitude of Centaurus A?

A

7.8

46
Q

What is the distance to Centaurus A?

A

13.7 ± 0.9 Mly (4.2 ± 0.3 Mpc)

47
Q

What are other names for Bode’s Galaxy?

A

M81, NGC3031

48
Q

What is the apparent magnitude of Bode’s Galaxy?

A

7.89

49
Q

What is the distance to Bode’s Galaxy?

A

12 Mly (3.6 Mpc)

50
Q

What is another name for Sculptor Galaxy?

A

NGC253

51
Q

What is the apparent magnitude of Sculptor Galaxy?

A

8.0

52
Q

What is the distance to Sculptor Galaxy?

A

11.4 ± 0.7 Mly (3.5 ± 0.2 Mpc)

53
Q

What is another name for Messier 83?

A

NGC5236

54
Q

What is the apparent magnitude of Messier 83?

A

8.2

55
Q

What is the distance to Messier 83?

A

14.7 Mly (4.5 Mpc)

56
Q

Omega Centauri is in which constellation?

A

Centaurus

57
Q

Triangulum Galaxy is in which constellation?

A

Triangulum

58
Q

Centaurus A is in which constellation?

A

Centaurus

59
Q

Messier 83 is in which constellation?

A

Hydra

60
Q

Northern Local Supervoid

A

the closest supervoid and is located between the Local, Coma and Hercules superclusters. On the sky, it is located between Boötes, Virgo, and Serpens Caput constellations. It contains a few small galaxies (primarily spirals) and galaxy clusters, but is mostly empty. The faint galaxies within this void divide the region into smaller voids, which are 3–10 times smaller than the supervoid. The center is located 61 Mpc (199 Mly) away and it is 104 Mpc (339 Mly) in diameter across its narrowest width.

61
Q

Southern Local Supervoid

A

lies next to the Local Supercluster, which contains our galaxy the Milky Way. Its center is 96 megaparsecs away and the void is 112 megaparsecs in diameter across its narrowest width. Its volume is very approximately 600 billion times that of the Milky Way.

62
Q

Boötes void

A

Also known as the Great Void. It is a huge and approximately spherically shaped region of space, containing very few galaxies. It is located in the vicinity of the constellation Boötes. It is nearly 250 million light-years in diameter and nearly 236,000 Mpc^3 in volume.

63
Q

Great Attractor

A

a gravity anomaly in intergalactic space within the range of the Centaurus Supercluster that reveals the existence of a localized concentration of mass equivalent to tens of thousands of galaxies, each of which is the size of the Milky Way; this mass is observable by its effect on the motion of galaxies and their associated clusters over a region hundreds of millions of light years across.

64
Q

Solar Interstellar Neighbourhood closest stars:

A
  1. Sol
  2. Tau Ceti
  3. Alpha Centauri
  4. Epsilon Eridani
  5. Sirius
  6. GJ 581
  7. GJ 876
  8. Altair
65
Q

What are the rest of the stars within the Solar Interstellar Neighbourhood?

A
  1. Castor
  2. 47 U Majoris
  3. Aldebaran
  4. Capella
  5. Pollux
  6. 55 Cancri
  7. GJ 436
  8. Zosma
  9. 83 Leonis
  10. HD 69830
  11. GJ 317
  12. Denebola
  13. Arcturus
  14. GJ 176
  15. Procyon
  16. 61 Virginis
  17. Beta Pictoris
  18. Tau Centauri
  19. HD 113538
  20. HD 40307
  21. Epsilon Reticuli
  22. HD 10647
  23. Mu Arae
  24. GJ 785
  25. Formalhaut
  26. GJ 1214
  27. Rasalhague
  28. GJ 849
  29. Vega
  30. HD 217107
  31. HD 189733
  32. GJ 777
  33. 51 Pegasi
  34. HD 154354
  35. Upsilon Andromeda
  36. Alderamin
  37. Gamma Cephei
66
Q

Closest systems within the Local Galactic Group to the Milky Way Galaxy:

A
  1. Large Magellanic Cloud
  2. Small Magellanic Cloud
  3. Sagittarius Dwarf
  4. Bootes Dwarf
  5. Sculptor Dwarf
  6. Carina Dwarf
  7. Fornax Dwarf
  8. Draco Dwarf
  9. Ursa Minor Dwarf
  10. Sextans Dwarf
  11. Ursa Major II
  12. Ursa Major I
67
Q

Closest systems to the Andromeda Galaxy within the Local Galactic Group:

A
  1. M110
  2. M32
  3. Andromeda II
  4. Andromeda III
  5. NGC 147
  6. NGC 185
  7. Andromeda I
  8. Triangulum Galaxy (M33)
  9. IC 10
  10. NGC 6822
  11. Pisces Dwarf
68
Q

Rest of the systems within the Local Galactic Group:

A
  1. Sextans B
  2. Sextans A
  3. NGC 3190
  4. Antila Dwarf
  5. Leo A
  6. Leo I
  7. Leo II
  8. Canes Dwarf
  9. Phoenix Dwarf
  10. Aquarius Dwarf
  11. SagDIG
  12. IC 1613
  13. Pegasus Dwarf
  14. Cetus Dwarf
  15. Tucana Dwarf
  16. WLM
69
Q

The Local Galactic Group is part of the Virgo Supercluster. What are the closest surrounding groups of the LGC within this Virgo Supercluster?

A
  1. Sculptor
  2. Maffei
  3. M81
  4. M101
  5. NGC 5128
  6. NGC 6744
70
Q

What are the rest of the groups within the Virgo Supercluster?

A
  1. NGC 1023
  2. NGC 2997
  3. Leo I
  4. Canes Groups
  5. Dorado
  6. NGC 7582
  7. NGC 5033
  8. Fornax Cluster
  9. Virgo Cluster
  10. Ursa Major Groups
  11. NGC 4697
  12. Eridanus Cluster
  13. Leo II Groups
  14. Virgo III Groups
71
Q

What are the local superclusters surrounding our Virgo Supercluster?

A
  1. Hydra
  2. Hydra-Centaurus Supercluster
  3. Coma Supercluster
  4. Perseus-Pisces Supercluster
  5. Centaurus Supercluster
  6. Pavo-Indus Supercluster
72
Q

What are the voids within our local superclusters?

A
  1. Capricornus Void
  2. Corona Borealis Void
  3. Microscopium Void
  4. Sculptor Void
  5. Bootes Void
  6. Canes-Major Void
  7. Columbia Void
  8. Fornax Void
73
Q

What are the rest of the superclusters within our local superclusters?

A
  1. Capricornus Supercluster
  2. Ophiuchus Supercluster
  3. Corona-Borealis Supercluster
  4. Hercules Superclusters
  5. Bootes Superclusters
  6. Shapley Supercluster
  7. Sculptor Superclusters
  8. Pisces-Cetus Superclusters
  9. Phoenix Supercluster
  10. Ursa Major Supercluster
  11. Leo Superclusters
  12. Sextans Supercluster
  13. Columba Supercluster
  14. Horologium Supercluster
74
Q

List of Andromeda’s satellite galaxies:

A
  1. M32
  2. M110
  3. NGC 185
  4. NGC 147
  5. Andromeda I
  6. Andromeda II
  7. Andromeda III
  8. Andromeda IV
  9. Andromeda V
  10. Pegasus Dwarf
  11. Cassiopeia Dwarf
  12. Andromeda VIII–all the way up to Andromeda XXIX
  13. Triangulum Galaxy (M33)

Cosmology/Astronomy (5 decks)

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