Gait Phases Flashcards
(37 cards)
What is human walking?
A series of controlled falls; forward progression of the body w/one foot always on the ground.
What is a Gait Cycle?
The time from Initial Contact (IC) on the same foot, including both stance and swing phase.
Normal Adult: ~1sec (0% - 100% GC)
What are the functional tasks of Gait Cycle?
- Weight Acceptance
- Single Limb Support
- Swing Limb Advancement
Weight Acceptance is:
The smooth transfer of body weight to lead or “reaching’ limb.
Requires: shock absorption, stability & forward progression.
Occurs in IC, LR
Advancing body weight over single limb requires:
Stabilty & Forward progression
Single Limb Support (MSt, TSt)
Swing Limb Advancement consists of:
PSw, ISw, MSw, TSw
Preparing and advancing limb through swing for foot clearance & limb advancement.
What is mEFAP?
modified Emory Functional Ambulation Profile
Outcome measure to assess gait.
List Temporal Spatial Norms:
- Walking Speed
- Cadence
- Temporal Data: Stance, swing & stride time
- Spatial Data: Step & stride length, step width
Step & Stride Length = Sagittal Plane; Step Width = Coronal Plane
What is Walking Speed (Velocity)?
Walking Speed = Distance/Time
also: WS = stride length x 1/2 cadence
The distance traversed during a specified time period (m/sec or m/min).
Men: 1.37 m/sec; Women: 1.30 m/sec
from textbook
What is normal walking speed?
1.5m/s (3mph)
from notes
Cadence is:
The # of steps taken during a specified time period (steps/min).
C = Steps/Time
Men: 108 steps/min; Women: 118 steps/min
110-120 range; women walk faster due to shorter steps.
Stride Length is:
Spatial Data
The linear distance between two (2) sucessive events (IC in normal gait) on the same limb.
Right heel contact to right heel contact; Walking Speed/0.5cadence
Men: 1.51m; Women: 1.32m; 1.56.5cm (lectures)
What are the two main subphases of Gait?
Stance & Swing
Define Stance:
Temporal Data
The time when the foot is in contact with the support surface during one gait cycle.
Right foot IC —> right foot Toe Off
62% GC
Stance consists of:
DLS —> SLS (right) —> DLS
IC, LR, MSt, TSt, PSw
DLS = Double Limb Stance; SLS = Single Limb Support
Swing consists of:
Single Limb Support (Left)
ISw, MdSw, TSw
What is the duration of Stance?
0.62 sec (62% GC)
Occurs from 0% to 62% GC
Define SLS:
Single Limb Support
The time when only one foot is in contact with the support surface during one GC.
right foot SLS is initiated by left toe-off and ends at left foot IC
Stance
What is the duration of SLS?
0.38 sec (38% GC)
Occurs from 12% - 50% GC
Stance
Define DLS:
Double Limb Support
The time when both feet are in contact with the support surface during one GC. Weight transfer is occuring between both limbs.
Remember: Initial DLS (LR) & Terminal DLS (Pre-swing)
0.24sec (24% GC)
Stance
Define Loading Response (LR):
AKA: Initial Double Limb Stance
The time when right foot is in IC, and ends at left foot toe off.
Controlled weight transfer to the stance limb; shock absorption.
2% - 12% GC
Stance
Define Pre-Swing:
AKA: Terminal Double Limb Stance
The time when the support limb is being unloaded.
ie, left foot IC to right foot Toe-off
50% - 62% GC
Define Swing:
Single Limb Support
The time when the foot is airborne during one GC.
ie, right foot toe-off to right foot IC
Initicial Contact is:
the instant when the foot contact the support surface (flat foot)
IC: Flat Foot (R); Toe Off (L)
Heel contact to advance CoM forward (heel rocker).
