Gait Deviations Flashcards
Backward trunk lean
- weak glut max
- difficulty going up stairs and up ramps
Lateral Trunk Bending
- weak glut med
- pain in hip
Bckward trunk lean
- weak glut max
- difficulty going up stairs/ramps
Forward trunk lean
- weak quads
- hip and knee flexion contractures
Excessive hip flexion
- weak hip extensors
- tight hip and/or knee flexors
Limited hip extnsion
-tight or spastic hip flexors
Limited hip flexion
-weak hip flexors or tight extensors
Abnormal synergistic activity
-excessive hip adduction combined with hip and knee extension, plantarflexion, scissoring, or adducted gait pattern
Excessive knee flexion
- weak quads
- knee flexor contracture
- difficulty going down stairs/ramps
- forward trunk bending can compensate
Knee hyperextension
- weak quads
- plantarflexion contracture
- extensor spasticity (quads or plantarflexion)
Toe first
- weak DF
- spastic or tight PF
- may also be caused by shortened leg or positive support reflex
Foot slap
- weak DF
- hypotonia
- compensated for with steppage
Foot flat
- weak DF
- limited ROM
- immature gait pattern
Excessive DF with uncontrolled forward motion of tibia
-weak PF
Excessive PF (equinus)
-spasticity or contracture of PF
Supination
- spastic invertors
- spasticity
- weak evertors
- pes varus
- genu varum
Pronation
- weak invertors
- spasticity
- pes valgus
- genu valgum
toes claw
- spastic toe flexors
- hyperactive plantar grasp reflex
Inadequate push off
- weak PF
- decreased ROM
- painful foot
Insufficient forward pelvic rotation
- weak abs
- weak flexor muscles
Insufficient hip and knee flexion
-weak hip and knee flexors
Circumduction
-weak hip and knee flexors
Hip hiking
- compensatory response for weak hip and knee flexors
- extensor spasticity
Excessive hip and knee flexion
- steppage
- weak DF
Insufficient knee flexion
- weak HS
- extensor spasticity
- pain/decreased ROM
Excessive knee flexion
- flexor spasticity
- flexor withdrawal reflex
Foot drop (equinus)
- weak or delayed contraction of DF
- spastic PF
Varus or inverted foot
- spastic invertors
- weak peroneals
- abnormal synergistic pattern
Equinovarus
- spasticity in posterior tib and gastroc/soleus
- developmental abnormality
