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Biomech 2 > Gait Analysis > Flashcards

Gait Analysis Flashcards

1
Q

Define gait?

A

Pattern of movement of limbs during locomotion

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2
Q

What are two types of human gait?

A

Walking & Running

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3
Q

Differentiate between a step and stride

A

Step: Left heel strike to right heel strike
Stride: Left heel strike to next left heel strike

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4
Q

What are the two phases in the gait cycle for walking?

A

Stance phase and swing phase

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5
Q

Describe the two phases of the walking gait cycle

A 
Stance phase (60%): initial contact -0, loading response -10, mid stance -20, terminal stance -20, pre swing -10 > toe off
Mid & terminal stance (single support), the rest double support
Swing phase: Initial swing -13 , mid swing -14, terminal swing -13
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6
Q

What is the main difference between gait cycle of running and walking?

A

There is no double support phase in running

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7
Q

Describe the gait cycle of running

A

Stance, float, swing, float

40, 15, 30, 15

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8
Q

What is the third gait cycle discovered other than walking and running? Discuss.

A

Grounded running, it has bouncing and a double support phase.

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9
Q

What are the three discrete types of foot strikes? Describe briefly how each foot strike works.

A

Rearfoot strike: heel lands before ball of foot
Midfoot: simultaneous landing of heel and ball of foot
Forefoot strike: ball of foot lands before heel

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10
Q

What was discovered by Lieberman (2012) with regards to foot strike patterns?

A

Discrete foot strike patterns do not exist, should be considered as continuum.

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11
Q

What are the 8 spatio-temporal variables involved in gait analysis?

A 
Cycle time
Swing time
Stance time (ground contact time)
Single-support time
Double-support time
Step/stride length
Step/stride frequency
Speed
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12
Q

What are the linear kinematic variables found in gait analysis?

A

Displacement, velocity, acceleration

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13
Q

What are the angular kinematic variables found in gait analysis?

A

Angle, angular velocity, angular acceleration

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14
Q

What are the kinetic variables found in gait analysis?

A

Ground reaction force
Plantar pressure
Centre of pressure
Joint torque or moment

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15
Q

What are the two groups of neuromuscular variables collected in gait analysis?

A

Time domain: aEMG, iEMG, RMS

Frequency domain: FFT

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16
Q

Kinematics involve variables such as

A

position/time, displacement, velocity, acceleration

17
Q

Kinetics involve variables such as

A

internal & external force, torque and pressure

18
Q

Anthropometrics involve variables such as

A

length, area, volume, inertia

19
Q

EMG involves

A

time domain and frequency domain

Biomech 2 (10 decks)

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