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NPTE MSK > Gait > Flashcards

Gait Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the trunk throughout the gait cycle?

A

erect neutral

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2
Q

Where is the pelvis during Initial swing?

A

backward rotation 4-5deg

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3
Q

Where is the hip during Initial swing?

A

flexion (20deg)

neutral abd and add

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4
Q

Where is the knee during Initial swing?

A

flexion 60deg

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5
Q

Where is the ankle during Initial swing?

A

PF 10deg

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6
Q

Where are the toes during Initial swing?

A

neutral

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7
Q

Where is the pelvis during midswing swing?

A

neutral

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8
Q

Where is the hip during midswing swing?

A

flexion 20-30 deg

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9
Q

Where is the knee during midswing swing?

A

flexion 60 deg to 30deg felxion

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10
Q

Where is the ankle during midswing swing?

A

neutral

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11
Q

Where are the toes during midswing swing?

A

neutral

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12
Q

Where is the pelvis during terminal swing?

A

forward rotation 4-5deg

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13
Q

Where is the hip during terminal swing?

A

hip flex 30 deg

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14
Q

Where is the knee during terminal swing?

A

extension to 0deg

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15
Q

Where is the ankle during terminal swing?

A

neutral

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16
Q

Where are the toes during terminal swing?

A

neutral

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17
Q

Where is the pelvis during initial contact?

A

maintains forward rotation

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18
Q

Where is the hip during initial contact?

A

flex 30deg

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19
Q

Where is the knee during initial contact?

A

full ext

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20
Q

Where is the ankle during initial contact?

A

neutral heel first

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21
Q

Where are the toes during initial contact?

A

neutral

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22
Q

Where is the pelvis during loading response?

A

less forward rotation

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23
Q

Where is the hip during loading response?

A

hip flex 30deg

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24
Q

Where is the knee during loading response?

A

flexion 15deg

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25
Q

Where is the ankle during loading response?

A

PF 15deg

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26
Q

Where are the toes during loading response?

A

neutral

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27
Q

Where is the pelvis during midstance?

A

neutral

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28
Q

Where is the hip during midstance?

A

extending to neutral

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29
Q

Where is the knee during midstance?

A

extending to neutral

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30
Q

Where is the ankle during midstance?

A

from PF to 10 deg DF

31
Q

Where are the toes during midstance?

A

neutral

32
Q

Where is the pelvis during terminal stance?

A

backward rotation 4-5deg

33
Q

Where is the hip during terminal stance?

A

ext 10 deg

34
Q

Where is the knee during terminal stance?

A

full extension

35
Q

Where is the ankle during terminal stance?

A

neutral w/ tibia stable and heel off prior to initial contact opposite foot

36
Q

Where are the toes during terminal stance?

A

neutral IP

hyperextension of MP

37
Q

Where is the pelvis during pre-swing?

A

backward rotation 4-5deg

38
Q

Where is the hip during pre-swing?

A

neutral extension

39
Q

Where is the knee during pre-swing?

A

flexion 35deg

40
Q

Where is the ankle during pre-swing?

A

PF 20 deg

41
Q

Where are the toes during pre-swing?

A

neutral IP

extended MP

42
Q

ROM requirements for hip flexion

A

0-30deg

43
Q

ROM requirements for hip extension

A

0-10 deg

44
Q

ROM requirements for knee flexion

A

0-60deg

45
Q

ROM requirements for knee extension

A

0 deg

46
Q

ROM requirements for ankle PF

A

0-20 deg

47
Q

ROM requirements for ankle DF

A

0-10

48
Q

muscle activity during initial contact

A

concentric DF
concentric quads
Eccentric hamstrings
eccentric hip extensors and abductors

49
Q

muscle activity during loading response

A

eccentric ankle DF –> eccentric PF
eccentric tip post controls pronation
eccentric quadriceps –> concentric quadriceps
concentric hip extensors

50
Q

muscle activity during midstance

A

eccentric PF
min knee (slightly concentric knee ext)
eccentric hip abductors
eccentric iliopsoas

51
Q

muscle activity during terminal stance

A

concentric PF
eccentric hip absuctors
eccentric iliopsoas

52
Q

muscle activity during pre-swing

A

concentric PF
concentric hamstring
concentric hip flexion

53
Q

muscle activity during initial swing

A

concentric DF
concentric hamstring
concentric hip flexion

54
Q

muscle activity during midswing

A

concentric DF

min knee and hip (b/c momentum)

55
Q

muscle activity during terminal swing

A 
concentric DF
concentric ankle inv
concentric quad
eccentric hamstrings
eccentric hip ext
56
Q

Antalgic gait

A

stand time is decreased to avoid WB

rapid and shorter swing phase on uninvolved leg

57
Q

causes of antalgic gait

A

jt inflammation
disease
injuries

58
Q

equine gait

A

high steps on toes

59
Q

double step gait

A

alternate steps are of different length or rate

60
Q

Causes of foot slap

A

weak DF

DF paralysis

61
Q

Causes of toe down instead of heel strike

A 
PF spasticity
PF contracture
weak DF
DF paralysis
leg length discrepancy
hindfoot pain
62
Q

Causes of clawing toes

A

toe flex spasticity

positive supporting reflex

63
Q

Causes of heel lift during midstance

A

insufficient DF ROM

PF spasticity

64
Q

Causes of no toe off

A

forefoot/ toe pain
weak PF
weak toe flex
insufficient PF ROM

65
Q

Causes of exaggerate knee flex at contact

A

weak quads
quads paralysis
hamstring spasticity
insufficient extension ROM

66
Q

Causes of hyperextension in stance

A

compensation for weak quads

PF contracture

67
Q

Causes of exaggerated knee flex at terminal stance

A

knee flex contracture

hip flex contracture

68
Q

Causes of insufficient flex w/ swing

A

knee effusion
quad ext spasticity
PF spasticity
insufficient flexion ROM

69
Q

Causes of excessive flexion w/ swing

A

flex withdrawal reflex

LE flexor synergy

70
Q

Causes of insufficient hip flex @ initial contact

A

weak hip flex
hip flex paralysis
hip ext spasticity
insufficient hip flex ROM

71
Q

Causes of insufficient hip ext at stance

A

insufficient hip ext ROM
hip flexion contracture
LE flex synergy

72
Q

Causes of circumduction during swing

A

comp for weak hip flex
comp for weak DF
comp for weak
hamstrings

73
Q

Causes of hip hiking during swing

A

comp for weak DF
comp for weak knee flex
comp for ext synergy pattern

74
Q

Causes of exaggerated hip flexion during swing

A

LE flexor synergy

Comp for insufficient ankle DF

NPTE MSK (6 decks)

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