Gait

Question 1

Stance Phase Standard Terminology

Answer 1

Heel strike
Foot flat
Midstance
Heel off
Toe off

Question 2

Swing Phase Standard Terminology

Answer 2

Acceleration
Midswing
Deceleration

Question 3

Stance Phase Rancho Los Amigos

Answer 3

Initial Contact
Loading response
Midstance
Terminal stance
Pre-swing

Question 4

Swing Phase Rancho Los Amigos

Answer 4

Initial Swing
Midswing
Terminal Swing

Question 5

Percent of gait in stance phase

Answer 5

60%

Question 6

percent of gait in swing phase

Answer 6

40%

Question 7

Heel strike

Answer 7

instant heel touches the ground

Question 8

foot flat

Answer 8

entire foot makes contact with the ground

Question 9

midstance

Answer 9

point during stance phase where entire body weight is directly over the stance limb

Question 10

heel off

Answer 10

heel of stance limb leaves the ground

Question 11

toe off

Answer 11

point in which only the toe of the stance limb remains on the ground

Question 12

acceleration

Answer 12

begins when toe off is complete and reference limb swings until positioned directly under the body

Question 13

midswing

Answer 13

when the swing limb is directly under the body

Question 14

deceleration

Answer 14

beings directly after mid-swing as the swing limb begins to extend, ends just prior to heel strike

Question 15

initial contact

Answer 15

beginning of stance phase when the food touches the ground

Question 16

loading response

Answer 16

amount of time between initial contact and beginning of swing phase for the other leg

Question 17

midstance

Answer 17

point in stance phase when the other foot is off the floor until the body is directly over the stance limb

Question 18

terminal stance

Answer 18

begins when the heel of the stance limb rises and ends when the other foot touches the ground

Question 19

pre-swing

Answer 19

begins when the other foot touches the ground and ends when the stance foot reaches toe off

Question 20

initial swing

Answer 20

when the stance foot lifts off the floor and ends with maximal knee flexion during swing

Question 21

midswing

Answer 21

begins with maximal knee flexion during swing and ends when the tibia is perpendicular with the ground

Question 22

terminal swing

Answer 22

beings when tibia is perpendicular to floor and ends when the food touches the ground

Question 23

phase with weight acceptance

Answer 23

initial contact

loading response

Question 24

phases with single limb support

Answer 24

midstance

terminal stance

Question 25

phases with swing limb advancement

Answer 25

preswing

Question 26

phases with initial swing

Answer 26

midswing | terminal swing

Question 27

hip flex ROM for gait

Answer 27

0-30

Question 28

hip ext ROM for gait

Answer 28

0-10

Question 29

knee flex ROM for gait

Answer 29

0-60

Question 30

knee ext ROM for gait

Answer 30

0

Question 31

ankle DF ROM for gait

Answer 31

0-10

Question 32

ankle PF ROM for gait

Answer 32

0-20

Question 33

base of support

Answer 33

distance between left and right foot during progression of gait; distance decreases as cadence increases

Question 34

average BOS for adult

Answer 34

2-4 inches

Question 35

cadence

Answer 35

number of steps over a period of time

Question 36

average adult cadence

Answer 36

110-120 steps/min

Question 37

average degree of toe out

Answer 37

7

Question 38

two times during gait considered double suppport

Answer 38

between heel initial contact and opposite leg preswing

Question 39

gait cycle

Answer 39

sequence of motions from initial contact of the heel to next consecutive contact of same heel

Question 40

average pelvic rotation during gait

Answer 40

8 degrees (4 forward with swing leg, 4 backward with stance leg)

Question 41

antalgic gait

Answer 41

involved step length is decreased in order to avoid weight bearing on the involved side, usually secondary to pain

Question 42

ataxic gait

Answer 42

characterized by staggering and unsteadiness, usually a wide base of support and movements are exaggerated

Question 43

cerebellar gait

Answer 43

stagger gait seen in cerebellar disease

Question 44

circumduction gait

Answer 44

characterized by circular motion to advance the leg during swing pahse; may be used to compensate for insufficient hip/knee/ankle flexion

Question 45

double step gait

Answer 45

alternate steps are of different length or at a different rate

Question 46

equine gait

Answer 46

a gait pattern characterized by high steps; usually involves excessive activity of the gastroc

Question 47

festinating gait

Answer 47

patient walks on toes as though pushed; starts slowly, increases and may continue until patient grasps an object in order to stop

Question 48

hemiplegic gait

Answer 48

patient abducts the paralyzed limb, swing it around, and bring it forward so the foot comes to the ground in front of them

Question 49

parkinsonian gait

Answer 49

increased forward flexion of the trunk and knees; shuffling gait with quick and small steps

Question 50

scissor gait

Answer 50

legs cross midline upon advancement

Question 51

spastic gait

Answer 51

stiff movement, toes seeming to catch and drag, legs held together, hip and knee joints slightly flexed. commonly seem in spastic paraplegia

Question 52

steppage gait

Answer 52

feet and toes are lifted through hip and knee flexion to excessive heights; usually secondary to DF weakness

Question 53

tabetic gait

Answer 53

high stepping ataxic gait pattern in which feet slap the gound

Question 54

trendelenburg gait

Answer 54

glute medius weakness, excessive lateral trunk flexion and weight shifting over stance leg

Question 55

vaulting gait

Answer 55

gait where swing leg advances by compensating through the combination of elevation of the pelvic and PF of the stance leg