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PTA License Exam Prep > Gait > Flashcards

Gait Flashcards

1
Q

Stance Phase Standard Terminology

A 
Heel strike
Foot flat
Midstance
Heel off
Toe off
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2
Q

Swing Phase Standard Terminology

A

Acceleration
Midswing
Deceleration

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3
Q

Stance Phase Rancho Los Amigos

A 
Initial Contact
Loading response
Midstance
Terminal stance
Pre-swing
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4
Q

Swing Phase Rancho Los Amigos

A

Initial Swing
Midswing
Terminal Swing

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5
Q

Percent of gait in stance phase

A

60%

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6
Q

percent of gait in swing phase

A

40%

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7
Q

Heel strike

A

instant heel touches the ground

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8
Q

foot flat

A

entire foot makes contact with the ground

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9
Q

midstance

A

point during stance phase where entire body weight is directly over the stance limb

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10
Q

heel off

A

heel of stance limb leaves the ground

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11
Q

toe off

A

point in which only the toe of the stance limb remains on the ground

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12
Q

acceleration

A

begins when toe off is complete and reference limb swings until positioned directly under the body

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13
Q

midswing

A

when the swing limb is directly under the body

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14
Q

deceleration

A

beings directly after mid-swing as the swing limb begins to extend, ends just prior to heel strike

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15
Q

initial contact

A

beginning of stance phase when the food touches the ground

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16
Q

loading response

A

amount of time between initial contact and beginning of swing phase for the other leg

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17
Q

midstance

A

point in stance phase when the other foot is off the floor until the body is directly over the stance limb

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18
Q

terminal stance

A

begins when the heel of the stance limb rises and ends when the other foot touches the ground

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19
Q

pre-swing

A

begins when the other foot touches the ground and ends when the stance foot reaches toe off

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20
Q

initial swing

A

when the stance foot lifts off the floor and ends with maximal knee flexion during swing

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21
Q

midswing

A

begins with maximal knee flexion during swing and ends when the tibia is perpendicular with the ground

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22
Q

terminal swing

A

beings when tibia is perpendicular to floor and ends when the food touches the ground

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23
Q

phase with weight acceptance

A

initial contact

loading response

24
Q

phases with single limb support

A

midstance

terminal stance

25
Q

phases with swing limb advancement

A

preswing

26
Q

phases with initial swing

A

midswing

terminal swing

27
Q

hip flex ROM for gait

A

0-30

28
Q

hip ext ROM for gait

A

0-10

29
Q

knee flex ROM for gait

A

0-60

30
Q

knee ext ROM for gait

A

0

31
Q

ankle DF ROM for gait

A

0-10

32
Q

ankle PF ROM for gait

A

0-20

33
Q

base of support

A

distance between left and right foot during progression of gait; distance decreases as cadence increases

34
Q

average BOS for adult

A

2-4 inches

35
Q

cadence

A

number of steps over a period of time

36
Q

average adult cadence

A

110-120 steps/min

37
Q

average degree of toe out

A

7

38
Q

two times during gait considered double suppport

A

between heel initial contact and opposite leg preswing

39
Q

gait cycle

A

sequence of motions from initial contact of the heel to next consecutive contact of same heel

40
Q

average pelvic rotation during gait

A

8 degrees (4 forward with swing leg, 4 backward with stance leg)

41
Q

antalgic gait

A

involved step length is decreased in order to avoid weight bearing on the involved side, usually secondary to pain

42
Q

ataxic gait

A

characterized by staggering and unsteadiness, usually a wide base of support and movements are exaggerated

43
Q

cerebellar gait

A

stagger gait seen in cerebellar disease

44
Q

circumduction gait

A

characterized by circular motion to advance the leg during swing pahse; may be used to compensate for insufficient hip/knee/ankle flexion

45
Q

double step gait

A

alternate steps are of different length or at a different rate

46
Q

equine gait

A

a gait pattern characterized by high steps; usually involves excessive activity of the gastroc

47
Q

festinating gait

A

patient walks on toes as though pushed; starts slowly, increases and may continue until patient grasps an object in order to stop

48
Q

hemiplegic gait

A

patient abducts the paralyzed limb, swing it around, and bring it forward so the foot comes to the ground in front of them

49
Q

parkinsonian gait

A

increased forward flexion of the trunk and knees; shuffling gait with quick and small steps

50
Q

scissor gait

A

legs cross midline upon advancement

51
Q

spastic gait

A

stiff movement, toes seeming to catch and drag, legs held together, hip and knee joints slightly flexed. commonly seem in spastic paraplegia

52
Q

steppage gait

A

feet and toes are lifted through hip and knee flexion to excessive heights; usually secondary to DF weakness

53
Q

tabetic gait

A

high stepping ataxic gait pattern in which feet slap the gound

54
Q

trendelenburg gait

A

glute medius weakness, excessive lateral trunk flexion and weight shifting over stance leg

55
Q

vaulting gait

A

gait where swing leg advances by compensating through the combination of elevation of the pelvic and PF of the stance leg

PTA License Exam Prep (5 decks)

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