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Musculo > Gait > Flashcards

Gait Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 components of stance phase?

A 
Standard:
Heel strike
Foot flat
Midstance
Heel off
Toe off
Rancho:
Initial contact
Loading response
Mid stance
Terminal stance
Pre swing
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2
Q

What are the 3 components of swing phase?

A 
Standard: 
Acceleration
Mid swing
Deceleration
Rancho:
Initial swing 
Mid swing
Terminal swing
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3
Q

Heel strike

A

Heel touches ground, beginning of stance phase

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4
Q

Foot flat

A

Entire foot makes contact with ground

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5
Q

Midstance

A

Entire body weight is over stance limb

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6
Q

Heel off

A

Heel of stance limb leaves the ground

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7
Q

Toe off

A

Toe of stance limb remains on the ground

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8
Q

Acceleration

A

Reference limb swings until positioned directly under the body

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9
Q

Mid swing

A

Swing limb is directly under the body

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10
Q

Deceleration

A

Swing limb begins to extend

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11
Q

Hip flexion for normal gait

A

0-30 deg

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12
Q

Hip extension for normal gait

A

0-10 deg

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13
Q

Knee flexion for normal gait

A

0-60 deg

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14
Q

Knee extension for normal gait

A

0 deg

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15
Q

Ankle dorsiflexion for normal gait

A

0-10 deg

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16
Q

Ankle plantar flexion for normal gait

A

0-20 deg

17
Q

Tibialis anterior peak activity

A

After heel strike, eccentric lowering of foot into plantar flexion

18
Q

Gastroc-soleus peak activity

A

During late stance phase, concentric raising of the heel during toe off

19
Q

Quadriceps peak activity

A

Single support during early stance phase AND just before toe off to initiate swing phase

20
Q

Hamstrings peak activity

A

During late swing phase, assists decelerating unsupported limb

21
Q

What happens to base of support as cadence increases?

A

Distance decreases as cadence increases

22
Q

What is the avg base of support for an adult?

A

2-4 in

23
Q

What is avg cadence for an adult?

A

110-120 steps/min

24
Q

What is avg degree of toe out for an adult?

A

7 deg

25
Q

What is the purpose of pelvic rotation during gait?

A

Maintain balance and to regulate speed

26
Q

What is the avg pelvic rotation during gait for an adult?

A

8 deg (4 deg forward with swing leg, 4 deg backwards with stance leg)

27
Q

What is the avg step length for an adult?

A

28 in

28
Q

What is the avg stride length for an adult?

A

56 in

29
Q

Antalgic gait

A

Protective gait pattern to avoid weight bearing on involved side, usually secondary to pain

30
Q

Ataxic gait

A

Staggering and unsteadiness, wide base of support and exaggerated movements

31
Q

Equine gait

A

High steps usually from overactivity of gastrocnemius

32
Q

Steppage gait

A

Feet and toes are lifted through hip and knee flexion to excessive heights, usually due to dorsiflexor weakness and foot slaps at initial contact

33
Q

Tabetic gait

A

High stepping ataxic gait pattern, feet slap ground

Musculo (9 decks)

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