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Clinical Kinesiology > Gait > Flashcards

Gait Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Gait Cycle?

A

Heel strike to heel strike on the same leg

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2
Q

What is Stance Phase?

A
  • From heel strike to toe off

- 60% of gait cycle

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3
Q

What is Swing Phase?

A
  • From toe off to heel strike

- 40% of gait cycle

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4
Q

What is Double Support?

A
  • When both feet are on the floor

- 20% of gait cycle

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5
Q

What is stride?

A

heel strike to heel strike (same as gait cycle)

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6
Q

What is step?

A

heel strike on one foot to heel strike on other foot

2 steps = stride

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7
Q

What is stride length?

A
  • Linear distance of how far was traveled during one gait cycle.
  • overall avg for adults is 4.6 ft (higher for men)
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8
Q

What is Cadence?

A

number of steps per unit of time. (Avg 113/min)

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9
Q

What is the order of the traditional phases of the gait cycle?

A
  1. Heel strike
  2. Foot flat
  3. Mid stance
  4. Heel off
  5. Toe off
  6. Acceleration
  7. Mid swing
  8. Deceleration
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10
Q

What controls the amount of pelvis tilt in the frontal plane?

A

On the stance leg- gluteus medius ECCENTRICALLY controls amount of inferior tilt on the swing side and lateral displacement (lateral weight shift) over the stance leg.

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11
Q

What muscle controls alignment of the lower extremity during midswing?

A

Adductors

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12
Q

What occurs at the pelvis and trunk when stepping forward with the right foot?

A

Right trunk rotation- because left shoulder coming forward

Anterior rotation of the right pelvis

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13
Q

How do muscle forces and the ground reaction force interact during gait?

A

Muscle forces must counteract and overcome this force.

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14
Q

At heel strike what is happening at the R ankle?

A

Position: neutral
Muscle: dorsiflexors
Contraction: Isometric

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15
Q

At heel strike what is happening at the R knee?

A

Position: full extension
Muscle: Quads
Contraction: Isometric

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16
Q

At heel strike what is happening at the R hip?

A

Position: 30 degrees of flexion
Muscle: glute max, HS, Adductor Magnus
Contraction: Isometric

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17
Q

At heel strike what is the R pelvis motion?

A

Anterior rotation 5 degrees

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18
Q

At foot flat what is happening at the R ankle?

A

Position: 15 degrees of plantar flexion
Muscle: dorsiflexors
Contraction: eccentric- b/c have to control momentum

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19
Q

At foot flat what is happening at the R knee?

A

Position: 15 degrees of flexion
Muscle: quads
Contraction: eccentric

20
Q

At foot flat what is happening at the R hip?

A

Position: 30 degrees of flexion
Muscle: Glute Max, HS
Contraction: isometric

21
Q

At foot flat what is happening at the R pelvis?

A

Anterior rotation

22
Q

At mid stance what is happening at the R ankle?

A

Position: to 10-15 degrees of dorsiflexion
Muscle: plantarflexors
Contraction: eccentric- b/c controling momentum

23
Q

At mid stance what is happening at the R knee?

A

Position: extending to neutral
Muscle: quads (ext to 0) then HS (prevent hyperextension)
Contraction: concentric

24
Q

At mid stance what is happening at the R hip?

A

Position: extending to neutral
Muscle: quiet- because of momentum
Contraction: quiet- because of momentum

25
At mid stance what is happening at the R pelvis?
neutral
26
At heel off what is happening at the R ankle?
Position: Return to neutral Muscle: plantarflexors Contraction: eccentric to concentric
27
At heel off what is happening at the R knee?
Position: still extending to neutral (late heel off begin flexion) Muscle: Iliopsoas (in late heel off) b/c we are in a closed chain Contraction: concentric
28
At heel off what is happening at the R hip?
Position: apparent 10 degrees of hyperextension Muscle: beginning flexors in late heel off Contraction: concentric
29
At heel off what is happening at the R pelvis?
neutral
30
At toe off what is happening at the R ankle?
Position: 15-20 degrees of plantarflexion Muscle: dorsiflexors Contraction: concentric (we need to get out PF to clear our toes)
31
At toe off what is happening at the R knee?
Position: 35 degrees of flexion Muscle: iliopsoas Contraction: concentric
32
At toe off what is happening at the R hip?
Position: neutral Muscle: flexors Contraction: concentric
33
At toe off what is happening at the R pelvis?
posterior rotation
34
At acceleration what is happening at the R ankle?
Position: Return to neutral (remember coming from PF) Muscle: dorsiflexors Contraction: concentric
35
At acceleration what is happening at the R knee?
Position: 60 degrees of flexion Muscle: HS Contraction: concentric
36
At acceleration what is happening at the R hip?
Position: 20 degrees of flexion Muscle: flexors Contraction: concentric
37
At acceleration what is happening at the R pelvis?
Posterior rotation
38
At mid swing what is happening at the R ankle?
Position: Neutral Muscle: dorsiflexors Contraction: concentric
39
At mid swing what is happening at the R knee?
Position: 60 degrees of flexion Muscle: HS Contraction: concentric
40
At mid swing what is happening at the R hip?
Position: 20-30 degrees of flexion Muscle: flexors Contraction: concentric
41
At mid swing what is happening at the R pelvis?
Neutral
42
At deceleration what is happening at the R ankle?
Position: neutral Muscle: dorsiflexors Contraction: isometric
43
At deceleration what is happening at the R knee?
Position: Extending to 0 Muscle: Momentum extends, HS limit hyperextension Contraction: eccentric
44
At deceleration what is happening at the R hip?
Position: 30 degrees of flexion Muscle: gluteus maximus, HS, Adductor magnus Post Contraction: eccentric
45
At deceleration what is happening at the R pelvis?
neutral

Clinical Kinesiology (9 decks)

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