Gait 2 Flashcards
The “springs” include __________ tissue in muscles (including microscopic proteins), connective tissue, tendons, ligaments and bone.
ELASTIC
What are the 3 phases of the Stretch Shortening Cycle (SSC)?
- ECCENTRIC PHASE
- AMORTIZATION or TRANSITION PHASE
(affects amount of recoil, stored energy must be used immediately, or it will be lost as heat) - RECOIL PHASE
The SSC is the basis for many normal human activities, and utilizes the _________ reflex, _________ recoil, and _____________. As a result, much of energy for walking is “free” because it does not require the use of oxygen, and active contraction of mm.
STRETCH \+ ELASTIC \+ VISCOELASTICITY
Sports with strong SSC movements (plyometrics, ballistic stretch) have a higher incidence of _________ injuries.
TENDON
__________ stretching can increase the compliance of tendons, and treat injury.
BALLISTIC
Name the most important energy storing tendon in the body?
ACHILLES TENDON
Describe midstance, or the loading response? (2)
PRONATION
+
FOOT SPREAD FOR SHOCK ABSORPTION
Describe the propulsive phase? (2)
aka Terminal Stance, Heel Rise, Push Off
SUPINATED
+
TIGHTENING JOINTS FOR LEVER TO PROPEL
Where does the ligamentum nuchae attach?
sup: POST TUBERCLE OF ATLAS
inf: SPINOUS PROCESSES of CERVICAL VERTEBRAE
Which muscles attach to the nuchal ligament? (2)
TRAPEZIUS
+
SPLENIUS CAPITIS
___________ ________ and the adjacent ___________ form the posterior wall of the vertebral canal.
LIGAMENTUM FLAVA (means yellow ligament)
+
LAMINAE
The ___________ has an extremely thin outer layer of cortical bone, is nearly hollow, and is protected by the U-shaped heel cushion aka fat pad, heel pad.
CALCANEUS
The __________ test is very accurate for diagnosing calcaneal stress fractures.
SQUEEZE
Name the muscles build for elastic recoil?
PENNATE MUSCLES
The lumbricals and EDL are examples of ___________ muscles.
UNIPENNATE
