GA History UNIT 9-12 Flashcards
CONTAINS: Unit 9: Georgia's Participation in World War I and the Great Depression Chapters 21-23 Unit 10: Role of Georgia in World War II Chapters 24-25 Unit 11: Developments in Georgia Post-World War II Chapter 26 Unit 12: Georgia in the Modern Civil Rights Movement Chapters 27-28
What were the 3 R’s of Roosevelt’s New Deal Plan
Relief, Recovery, Reform
Agricultural Adjustment Act
A New Deal program that paid farmers a stipend not to grow crops in order to increase the price of agricultural products
Boll Weevil
Insects whose larvae feed on cotton crops; decimated cotton production in the southeastern United States
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
A New Deal program that hires unemployed young men to work on public works projects
Drought of 1924
One of the worst droughts in George’s history; led to depression in the state that predated the Great Depression
Eugene Talmadge
four-time Georgia governor that fought against Roosevelt’s New Deal policies
Franklin Roosevelt
32nd president of the United States; has close ties to Georgia and died at his Georgia home,” The Little White House,” in Warms Springs.
Great Depression
a severe economic downturn that began with the stock market crash of 1929 and lasted until World War II
Great Migration
Black farmers moved from the South to the North to work in factories.
New Deal
Name given to a series of federal programs spearheaded by President Franklin Roosevelt in order to help the nation recover from the Great Depression.
Social Security Act
New Deal program that provided retirement and unemployment insurance for American taxpayers
Rural Electrification Act
New Deal program designed to build the capabilities to bring electricity to rural areas
Stock Market
the place where shares of ownership in corporations are bought and sold
Stock Market Crash of 1929
A factor that led to the Great Depression. A major stock market collapse that led to the investors losing over 40 billion dollars
Victory Gardens
Backyard gardens: Americans were encouraged to grow their own vegetables to support the war effort
Warm Springs
Georgia city that was home to Roosevelt’s “Little White House”; site’s warm water mineral springs were used as a rehabilitation center for polio victims.
World War I
A war between the allies (Russia, France, British Empire, Italy, United States, Japan, Rumania, Serbia, Belgium, Greece, Portugal, Montenegro) and the central powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey, Bulgaria) from 1914 to 1918.
Integration
he act of uniting or bringing together, especially people of different races
Lester Maddox
One of the last openly segregationist politicians in Georgia (governor). Ran black people out of his restaurant but put African Americans in office.
Sibley Commission
investigation by lawyer John Sibley to determine what should be done about integration in the state; though 60% of Georgians claim they would rather close the public schools then integrate, Sibley recommended that public schools desegregate on a limited basis
Student Non- Violent Coordinating Commitee ( SNVCC)
Civil rights organization by college students that urged non violent protests to gain integration; the group became more militant in the late 1960s
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Prohibited states from imposing any voting qualifications on their citizens
White primary
Tactic used by whites in Georgia to prevent blacks from voting in the Democratic Primary; because Georgia was a one-party state, this prevented African-Americans from having a voice in the elections
Congressman John Lewis
Since 1987, he has been the U.S. Representative for Georgia’s 5th congressional district. lead civil rights marchers , Organized many sit ins, Leader of SNIC
1956 state flag
Controversial flag that flew over Georgia from 1956-2001. The flag was controversial due to the flag’s prominent Confederate Battle emblem
William B. Hartsfield
longest-serving mayor of Atlanta; known as the Father of Aviation because he brought airlines to Atlanta; also helped make Atlanta become known as the City too Busy to Hate
Ivan Allen, Jr.
mayor of Atlanta; brought major league sports teams to Atlanta; helped desegregate Atlanta’s city hall
Hartsfield-Jackson International Airport
world’s busiest airport named for two mayors of Atlanta; located just SW of Atlanta
The three major league sports that Ivan Allen Jr brought to GA
Hawks, Falcons, and braves
GA Supreme Court
group responsible for the ultimate decision in the 3 Governor’s Controversy
Talmadge would eventually be elected ____ times as Georgia’s 67th governor.
Four
Why did President Franklin Roosevelt purchase property in Warm Springs, Georgia?
Roosevelt built a retreat there because he believed the spring waters helped treat polio
What was the main cause that made Americans go into war?
The bombing of Pearl Harbor
Bell Bomber Plant
Marietta, GA. Important for the production of the B-29 bomber (most technologically advanced of the war).
- Almost 30,000 people (many from Georgia) were employed at the largest plant ever built in the South.
Fort Benning
was the largest and viewed as the best infantry facility during the war.
Military bases in Georgia held many enemy prisoners during World War II.
These bases provide thousands of job for Georgians and add millions of dollars into the state’s economy.
Liberty Ships
U.S. cargo ships made during World War II. In all 187 of these ships were made in Georgia.
Savannah and Brunswick shipyards
More than 15,000 employees (many women) built 88 Liberty ships at the Savannah Shipyard; while, 99 were built in Brunswick. Local economies were boosted when thousands of Georgia citizens earned paychecks that were reinvested in the community.
Richard Russel
He served on the Armed Services and Appropriations Committees. He gained a great amount of influence on U.S. military policy. Russell believed his most important was the creation of the National School Lunch Program.
(Big Military Boi)
Carl Vinson
He is known as the “Father of the Two Ocean Navy.” He earned the nickname “The Admiral” due to advocating for a strong Navy in the 1920s and the 1930s.
(carl Vinson naVy)
What action was authorized by the Lend-Lease Act?
Transferring weapons to Great Britain
How did Senator Richard Russell’s economic policies impact Georgia?
Russell helped establish several important military bases in the state.
Deepwater Ports
important waterways used for shipping cargo; Georgia’s two deepwater ports are in Savannah and Brunswick.
Intermodal
transportation involving more than one form of carrier, such as truck and rail, or truck, ship and rail.
Atlanta has been MOST important to the development of which industry in Georgia?
The service industry
Fort McPherson
Trained new recruits, held prisoners of war, treated wounded soldiers
Fort Oglethorpe
held prisoners of war
Huegeane Talmadge strongly opposed what?
President Roosevelt’s New Deals and integration.
After WWII, GA’s agriculture turned by industrialization by…
New technology like tractors, reapers, and other mechanical tools that made farming easier. Tenant and sharecroppers were being replaced with technology.
WWII improved Georgia and made its economy soar. True or false?
True
Plessy V Ferguson
separated schools by “separate but equal”
Brown V Board of Education
argued that schools were separate but not equal
John Lewis
Protested for Civil RIghts movement. Was beaten and sent to jail but still protested for equality. He stood up for people who needed a voice.
Albany Movement
And organized civil rights protest led by the student nonviolent coordinating committee, whose primary objective was to desegregate the city of Albany, Georgia and the surrounding community
