g5 t1 - life & living structure Flashcards
What is a habitat?
a place or environment where plants and animals NATURALLY live and grow
What are the 2 main types of habitats?
- land habitats e.g. forest, grassland, deserts
- aquatic habitats (water) e.g. swamps, lakes, rivers
What is a herbivore?
give examples
an animal that only eats plants
e.g. springbok, giraffe, cow
What is a carnivore?
give examples
an animal that only eats meat i.e. other animals
e..g hyena, lion, tiger, wolf
What is an omnivore?
give examples
an animal that eats plants AND meat
e.g. ignuana, squirrel, honey-eater
What is a decomposer?
give example
an creature that eat small bits of dead plants and leftovers
e.g. worms, snail, ant
What is interdependence?
when 2 or more living things relate to each other (rely on each other) i.e. plants and animals NEED each other to SURVIVE
Explain how plants and animals in a habitat depend on one another
(examples of INTERDEPENDENCE)
- some plants need animal to distribute their seeds
- animals EAT plants for food
- animals need plants for shelter/PROTECTION
- plants depend on other plants to grow
- plants depend on animals for nutrition because dung FERTILISES the soil
- animals need plants for OXYGEN to breath
What resources do living things depend on their environment for?
(habitat resources - usually non-living things)
- air
- water
- soil
- food
- shelter & a place to birth their young
- places to hide from danger (protect)
What is an exoskeleton?
shell or hard covering on the ouside of an animal
(remember the X for exit to get OUTside )
What is an endoskeleton?
skeleton found iNside an animals body
What is an invertabrate?
an animal that does NOT have a backbone made out of bone
What is a vertabrate?
an animal WITH a backbone (on the inside of their body)
What is the purpose of a vertebrate’s skeleton?
- hard bones form a strong frame to SUPPORT the body
- give the body SHAPE
- PROTECT the soft organs inside the body
What is a vertebrate’s skeleton made of?
bones
What is cartilage?
a TOUGH and FLEXIBLE substance that allows bones to RUB together SMOOTHLY without causing pain
Where in the body is cartilage found?
joints
ears
Give examples of animals with exoskeletons
spider
cockroach
crab
ants
lady bird
Give examples of animals with endoskeletons
bird
dog
fish
frog
lizard
What is a frame structure?
a structure that holds and supports, that consists of parts joined together
e.g. human skeleton made of many bones joined by cartilage & tendons, covered in muscles and skin
What is a shell structure?
a curved structure that is HOLLOW
to protect things inside it
Name the bone labelled 1
skull
Name the bone labelled 2
clavicle
(collar bone)
Name the bone labelled 3
sternum
(breastbone)
Name the bone labelled 4
humerus
Name the bone labelled 5
ulna
Name the bone labelled 6
radius
Name the bone labelled 7
spine
(backbone or vertebral column)
Name the bones labelled 8
ribs
sName the bone labelled 9
pelvis
(hip bone)
Name the bone labelled 10
femur
Name the bone labelled 11
tibia
Name the bone labelled 12
fibula
Name the bone labelled 13
tarsals
(ankle bone)
Name the bone labelled 14
scapula
(shoulder blade)
What are the 3 main bones in your arm?
humerus (biggest, upper arm bone)
radius (outside forearm)
ulna
What are the 3 main bones in your leg>
fibula
tibia (shin bone)
femur (biggest, thigh bone)
what is the name for your collar bone?
clavicle
what is the name for your shoulder blade?
scapula
what make a vertebrate animal able to move?
JOINTS between their bones (with cartilage in the joints)
MUSCLES attached to the skeleton
Name the main parts of the knee joint labelled in the picture
- femur (thigh bone)
- patella (knee cap)
- ligament
Name the main muscles in your arm that allow your elbow to bend
- bicep
- tricep
What is a muscle?
tough elastic tissues that pull our bones when we move
what is a tendon?
tough cords that attach our MUSCLES to our bones
what is a ligament?
there are bands that connect BONES TO BONES and help strengthen the joints
What is biodiversity
is the VARIETY of plants and animals on Earth
What is a producer in a food chain?
a plant that makes it’s own food
what is a primary consumer in the food chain?
an animal that eats producers (plants) = usually herbivore (or omnivore)
what is a secondary consumer in the food chain?
eats primary consumers so is usually small a carnivore (or omnivore)
what is a top consumer in the food chain?
eats secondary consumers
Which muscle in your arm “contracts” and pulls the radius bone to BEND your elbow?
bicep
Which muscle in your arm “contracts” and pulls your ulna bone to STRAIGHTEN your elbow
tricep
