G12&13 Flashcards
Dog - Most common oral neoplasms - Most —> Least common
Malignant melanoma
SCC
Fibrosarcoma
Epulides
Feline oral tumours - most common —> Least
SCC
Fibrosarcoma
Melanoma
List clinical signs of an oral NP - 8
Ptyalism Halitosis Inappetence Dysphagia Weight loss Exophthalmos Epistaxis Tooth loss
Oral NP - How is prognosis determined? - 4
Histological type
Location
Size
Stage
What are the 4 subtypes of epulides in canines?
Acanthomatosus - aggressive, invades bone
Fibromatous - Slow growing and firm, maxillary premolar
Ossifying - Slow growing, firm, maxillary premolar
Giant cell - Rare
Canine oral malignant melanoma - Surgical excision
Wide margins
Bone often removed
Canine oral malignant melanoma - Non-resectable, option?
Radiation therapy
Canine oral malignant melanoma - Medical management?
Carboplatin chemo
Immunotherapy?
Vaccines under investigation?
Canine oral malignant melanoma - Prognosis?
Poor
Size and stage determine
Canine oral malignant melanoma - Most common cause of death?
Metastasis
Canine oral SCC - Best option?
Surgical excision
Wide margins
Bone removal often req
Canine oral SCC - If sx not possible?
Radiation therapy
Definitive or palliative
Canine oral SCC - Medical options
Piroicam
Cisplatin and piroxicam - CAUTION, both nephrotic is
Carboplatin = cisplatin alternative
Canine oral SCC - Prognosis?
Good if complete excision
Tonsillar SCC prog poor - high metastatic rate
Canine oral fibrosarcoma - Recommended Tx?
Surgical excision
Wide margins
Often bone removal for local control
Canine oral fibrosarcoma - Incompletely excised tumour Tx?
Definitive radiation therapy
Canine oral fibrosarcoma - Death more commonly due to?
Inadequate local control
Not mets
Canine oral fibrosarcoma - Prog?
Guarded
Canine oral fibrosarcoma - Chemo?
Unknown role
Canine oral epulides - Recommended Tx(s)?
Surgical excision
Often bone removal for local control - esp acanthomatous type
Alternatively, definitive radiotherapy
Canine oral epulides - Prog?
Excellent
Local control = curative
Most —> Least common feline oral tumours - 3
Squamous cell carcinoma
Fibrosarcoma
Malignant melanoma
Feline oral SCC
Invasive?
Prognosis?
Mets?
V locally invasive
Successful Tx difficult
Mets uncommon
Feline oral Fibrosarcoma
Invasive?
Mets?
Locally invasive
Metastatic rate low
Feline oral malignant melanoma - how common?
Rare
Most common gastric tumour in dog?
Adenocarcinoma
Most common gastric tumour in cat?
Lymphoma
Gastric tumour Clin signs?
V
Weight loss
Inappetance
What type of anaemia is commonly seen with gastric tumours. Why?
Microcytic hypochromic
Chronic GI blood loss
Gastric tumour Tx?
Resection
Difficult
5 type of gastric tumour
Adenocarcinoma Lymphoma Leiomyosarcoma GI stromal tumour MCT
Most common location of gastric adenocarcinoma?
Lesser curvature
What paraneoplastic syndrome is associated with gastric leiomyoma/sarcoma?
Paraneoplastic hypoglycaemia
What is the Tx of choice for canine and feline gastric tumours?
Surgical excision
May be difficult due to location and/or stage
Gastric adenocarcinoma prog?
Benign —> Good
Malignant —> Poor
Gastric leiomyoma/leiomyosarcoma prog?
Benign —> Good
Malignant —> Guarded to poor
Gastrointestinal stromal tumour prog?
Guarded to poor
Most common intestinal tumour in dog and cat
Lymphoma
Clin signs of an instestinal/rectal tumour?
Weight loss Inappetance V D Melena and/or Haematochezia
3 Most —> Least common canine intestinal tumours
Adenocarcinoma
Leiomyoma/Leiomyosarcoma
Gastrointestinal stromal tumour
Intestinal adenocarcinoma - most common site in dog?
Large intestine
Most common SI location = Jejunum
Most common canine intestinal leiomyoma/leiomyosarcoma locations? - 2
Jejunum
Caecum
Gastrointestinal stromal tumour most common location in canine?
LI
Most common location of feline intestinal adenocarcinoma?
Small intestine
Tx for canine and feline intestinal; adenocarcinoma, leiomyoma, leiomyosarcoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumour?
Surgical excision
Wide margins
Chemo for systemic disease
Primary hepatobiliary tumours more common in?
Cats
Metastatic hepatobiliary tumours more common in?
Dogs
Primary hepatobiliary tumours more often malignant in which species?
Dog
List 4 malignant primary hepatobiliary tumours
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Biliary carcinoma
Neuroendocrine tumour
Sarcoma
What is the most common primary hepatobilairy tumour in the cat?
Biliary cystadenoma
What is the most common primary hepatobiliary tumour in the dog?
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Characteristics of a massive hepatobiliary tumour?
Large, solitary mass
Single lobe affected
Characteristics of a nodules hepatobiliary tumour?
Multifocal
Several lobes affected
Characteristics of a diffuse hepatobiliary tumour?
All lobes affected
Clinical signs of hepatobiliary tumours?
Weight loss Inappetence V PUPD Ascites If extensive - Icterus, hepatoencephalopathy
What paraneoplastic condition is sometimes associated with hepatocellular carcinoma?
Hypoglycaemia
Most common type of exocrine pancreatic tumour?
Adenocarcinoma
2 examples of exocrine pancreatic masses
Adenomas
Pseudocysts
Tx of exocrine pancreatic tumours?
Surgical resection
Why is surgical resection of an exocrine pancreatic tumour often only palliative?
Many animals have mets at time of Dx
Exocrine pancreatic tumour - invasiveness and metastatic rate?
Locally invasive
Very high metastatic rate
