G1 Report

Question 1

are ancient remains, including organic matter buried under rocks.

Answer 1

Fossils

Question 2

are vital energy sources powering transportation, lighting, and heating.

Answer 2

Fossil fuels

Question 3

is a black, combustible rock derived from plant remains that accumulated in ancient swamps and forests millions of years ago. Over time and under specific conditions, this organic material turned into peat, ultimately becoming coal at burial depths of 4 to 10 km.

Answer 3

Coal

Question 4

The most significant coal deposits originated during the _____________ , about 290 to 360 million years ago.

Answer 4

Carboniferous period

Question 5

is low rank with 70% carbon, becoming bituminous coal at higher temperatures, also with 70% carbon.

Answer 5

Lignite

Question 6

•The energy released from burning coal is linked to its

Answer 6

Carbon content

Question 7

yields the highest energy due to its high carbon content.

Answer 7

Anthracite coal

Question 8

is a naturally-occurring liquid with complex hydrocarbons, found beneath the Earth’s surface in geological formations.

Answer 8

Petroleum

Question 9

stemming from Latin roots petra” for “rock” and “oleum” for “oil,”

Answer 9

Petroleum

Question 10

comes from ancient aquatic organisms like algae and plankton. Over millions of years, their remains turned into kerogen, then hydrocarbons under pressure and heat in sedimentary layers.

Answer 10

Petroleum

Question 11

is created within a defined temperature range called the “oil window” (50°C to 150°C), where kerogen transforms into hydrocarbons.

Answer 11

Petroleum

Question 12

primarily consists of methane, a flammable hydrocarbon composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms, making it lighter than air.

Answer 12

Natural gas

Question 13

migrate and may be stored in porous rocks like sandstone, getting trapped by impermeable layers, forming extractable deposits.

Answer 13

Petroleum and natural gas

Question 14

is transported to refineries and processed to produce various fuels and chemicals, including gasoline, kerosene, and plastics.

Answer 14

Crude oil

Question 15

CHARACTERISTIC OF FOSSIL FUELS

Answer 15

•forms from organic matter buried beneath sediments
•changed by high pressures and temperatures
• exists mostly as a solid
• exists mostly as a liquid
•exists mostly as a gas
•forms mostly from plant matter
•forms mostly from microscopic animals
•releases energy when burned pollutes the environment when
burned
•Nonrenewable resource