G. 2nd Line Of Defense

Question 0

Macrophage will do what when it finds a foreign thing?

Answer 0

Phagocytose the foreign thing, and display it on itself

Question 1

APC means?

Answer 1

Antigen presenting cell

Question 2

Patigen

Answer 2

A foreign thing presented on the APC for other cells to see

Question 3

Elongated pseudopods are called?

Answer 3

Dendrites

Question 4

2nd line of defense is

Answer 4

Non specific

Non adaptive

Question 5

4 Signs of inflammatory response

Answer 5

Rubor - redness

Calor - heat

Tumor - swelling

Dolor - pain

Question 6

An injury is followed by

Answer 6

Vasoconstriction —> release cytokines

Question 7

Cytokines

Answer 7

Tell other cells what to do

Question 8

Second major event from point of injury

Answer 8

Vasodilation —-> increase permeability of vessels

Question 9

Third major event from point of injury

Answer 9

Release histamines by mast cells. “Call for help”

Question 10

Histamines cause

Answer 10

Vasodilation

Question 11

What are the 3 major events of inflammation

Answer 11

Injury followed by vasoconstriction —> release cytokines

Vasodilation

Release histamines by mast cells

Question 12

Macrophage are drawn to the site by

Example of?

Answer 12

Positive chemotaxis “mobilization”

2nd line defense

Question 13

Diapedisis

Answer 13

WBC migrate out of the blood into the tissue

Question 14

Who responds to the mast cells call for help?

Answer 14

Macrophage - 2nd line

Lymphocytes - 3rd line

Question 15

Opsons

Answer 15

Can coat pathogen and make it more readily recognized

Question 16

Phagosome

Answer 16

Vesicle created by phagocytosis

Question 17

Lysosomes

Answer 17

Contain digestive enzymes

Question 18

Granules contain?

Answer 18

Contain H2O2, OH-, O2-

Which are toxic to bacteria

Question 19

Where do granules release their chemicals?

Answer 19

To the phagolysosome

Question 20

Phagolysosome

Answer 20

The combination of the phagosome and lysosome

Question 21

What happens to a white blood cell that has recently phagocytosed

Answer 21

Fermentation - in crease in acid, decreases pH; enzymes function at a higher level

10x increase in abilities

Question 22

Fever inducers are

Answer 22

Pyrogens

Question 23

Endogenous pyrogens

Answer 23

Released by the host

Question 24

Exogenous pyrogens

Answer 24

Comes from outside the host

Question 25

Example of exogenous pyrogen

Answer 25

Lipopolysaccharides of a gram negative

Endotoxic

Question 26

Monocytes

Answer 26

Release pyrogens

Question 27

Cells normally release what vitamin?

What stops its release?

What does this do to the bacteria?

Answer 27

Iron

Fever

Inhibits, or starves them

Question 28

What are the two anti microbial proteins, that are part of the chemical arsenal?

What do they do?

Answer 28

Interferon

Complement

Help the human fight infection