G Flashcards
What is the definition of CLIMATE?
The average daily weather for an extended period of time at a certain location.
What is the definition of WEATHER?
Reflects the short-term conditions of the atmosphere.
What factors are assessed to measure CLIMATE?
- Temperature
- Humidity
- Wind
- Precipitation
- Other meteorological variables
What are the factors that affect the climate of a specific place?
- Latitude
- Altitude/Topography
- Mountains
- Proximity to the Sea (Continentality)
- Ocean Currents
- Human Influence
What is MACROCLIMATE?
The climate of a larger region.
What is MICROCLIMATE?
The localized climate variations around a building.
What factors impact microclimate?
- Site
- Orientation
- Neighboring features
What are the two seasons typical in TROPICAL CLIMATE?
- Wet Season
- Dry Season
What is a defining characteristic of TROPICAL CLIMATE regarding temperature?
The average monthly temperature does not fall below 18°C throughout the year.
How does humidity affect building design in TROPICAL CLIMATE?
The high humidity complicates the approach to building design compared to desert countries.
What geographic region is referred to as the TROPICS?
The region surrounding the equator, limited in latitude by the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn.
What does the TROPIC OF CANCER mark?
The farthest point north at which the sun can be seen directly overhead at noon.
What does the TROPIC OF CAPRICORN mark?
The farthest point south at which the sun can be seen directly overhead at noon.
What temperature range is typical in TROPICAL CLIMATE?
20-30 degrees C.
What are the prevailing winds in the TROPICS?
- NE (Amihan) – November to April
- SW (Habagat) – May to October
What phenomenon occurs when a city experiences warmer temperatures than surrounding rural areas?
Urban Heat Island Effect.
According to PAGASA, what type of climate does the Philippines have?
Tropical and maritime.
What are the most important elements of the Philippines’ weather and climate?
- Temperature
- Humidity
- Rainfall
What is the mean annual temperature in the Philippines?
26.6 oC.
What is the average temperature in the coolest month (January) in the Philippines?
25.5 oC.
What is the average temperature in the warmest month (May) in the Philippines?
28.3 oC.
How does altitude affect temperature variation in the Philippines?
Altitude has a greater impact on temperature contrast than latitude.
What contributes to the high relative humidity in the Philippines?
High temperature and proximity to bodies of water.
What are the two major seasons in the Philippines based on temperature and rainfall?
- Rainy Season – June to November
- Dry Season – December to May
What are MONSOONS?
Large-scale sea breezes that form when the temperature on land is significantly higher or lower than the temperature of the ocean.
What is TROPICAL DESIGN?
An art and science of designing a building that focuses and responds to the climatic conditions of the tropics.
What are the goals of TROPICAL DESIGN?
- Develop passive strategies to lessen heat gain
- Encourage air movement through buildings
What is CLIMATIC DESIGN?
A building designed to suit the climate it is built in.
What is the importance of CLIMATIC DESIGN?
Climate has a major effect on building performance and energy consumption.
What are the climatic elements considered in design?
- Temperature
- Humidity
- Precipitation
- Wind
- Sky Condition
What design considerations affect climatic design?
- Topography
- Vegetation
- Built Forms
What are some design objectives in climatic design?
- Reduce the energy cost of a building
- Use natural energy instead of mechanical systems
- Minimize heat gain
- Maximize ventilation
- Prevent unnecessary increase in humidity levels
- Have good drainage systems to accommodate high precipitation
