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M3 > FW & RO > Flashcards

FW & RO Flashcards

1
Q

() What are the issues that potable water management are concerned with

A
  • Water requirement
  • Identification of potential contamination
  • health risk assessment
  • Implementation and monitoring of effective control strategies and procedures

BRd 820 Chapter 2

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2
Q

() List the potential hazards which can contaminate a FW supply

A
  • bacteria
  • viruses
  • Protozoa
  • Helminths
  • chemicals
  • Radioactivity
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3
Q

() List and four essential services that would continue to be supplied with FW

A

Medical and dental spaces
Galleys and associated space
Drinking water coolers
Bridge window sprays

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4
Q

() How is the control of legionella maintained

A

Regular cleaning of shower heads and tap fittings
Shower heads flexible hoses are soaked in 50mg/l solution of chlorine for 1hr every 6 months

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5
Q

() Briefly list when and how to carry out a FW tank clean

A

Indicated in the hull maintenance schedule .

Physically fit
All ppe to be clean

Wash tanks with clean water
use clean cloths and scrubbing brushes.
Pump dirty water overboard.
Rinse tank thoroughly with fresh clean water and pump out.
Wipe down and dry the tank.
On completion, before closing tanks, tanks must be inspected by ME SR.
After cleaning, tanks must be sterilised by super chlorination before discharging to waste and topping up with chlorinated water for use.

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6
Q

() Why is chemical cleaning necessary

A

Removes and reduces fouling from mebranes

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7
Q

() State the chemicals used and their purpose for cleaning

A

Cleaner A - sodium hydroxide - used for organic sedimentation and fouling

Cleaner C - citric acid - used for iron/scale fouling

Cleaner D - membrane biocide - disinfectant

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8
Q

() When is a chemical clean required

A

Whenever normalised permeate flow drops below 10%

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9
Q

() What is the role of institute of naval Medicine (INM)

A

Reference authority for potable water standards

Sample testing

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10
Q

() State two hazards and list the safety precautions associated with them

A

High voltage - isolate before any work - correct ‘TAG OUT’ procedure

High Pressure - shut down before any work - check security of all fittings and fastenings

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11
Q

() When are FW tanks inspected

A

regular intervals in accordance with PM schedules

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12
Q

() State position and operating ranges for low pressure trip

A

between cartridge filter and HP pump

1bar

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13
Q

() State position and operating ranges for the 3 high pressure trips

A

Relief valve - between HP pump and pulsation dampener - 69 bar
HP trip - between pulsation dampener and first membrane - 69 bar
Permeate trip - between rehardener filter and chlorine injection - more than 3 bar

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14
Q

What is the chemical compound for chlorination

A

Calcium hypochlorite

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15
Q

What is the solution strength for normal chlorination

A

0.8mg/L(ppm) in tanks
0.5mg/L(ppm) at point of use

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16
Q

State and describe the formula used to determine the amount of chlorine required

A

D = c/1000 x 100/A x V

D = quantity of chlorine compound required in grams
C = initial concentration of chlorine required
A = available percentage of chlorine in compound
V = Volume of water to be treated in Litres

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17
Q

When is it necessary to carry out a detailed investigation of FW system

A
  • Failure of a routine bacteriological or chemical water sample
  • Illness or medical conditions, where water is suspected as the cause of infection or chemical contamination suspected
  • Suspicion of contamination of the ships water supply due to faults occurring in tanks or distribution system
  • The procurement of supplies from a previously untested source
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18
Q

State and briefly explain the effective risk control methods

A

Engineering controls - removal systems such as filtration. RO or evaporation plant

Potable water filtration unit - if significant risk from gut parasites in port water

Chemical controls - used to disinfect potable water storage and distribution systems

Avoidance - alternative sources such as bottled water

19
Q

Name those personnel to be informed prior to embarking FW from ashore outside the UK and state the responsibilities of each

A

CO - provision of potable water

MEO - operation and maintenance of all collection, storage, treatment and distribution equipment

Medical Officer - any ME staff suffering with infectious disease or condition are excluded from fresh water duties

20
Q

State 6 steps of the risk management matrix for the ships FW supplied

A

Potential hazards
Hazard identification
Risk assessment
Risk control methods
Monitoring
Review

21
Q

Name two sources where information can be gathered as part of the risk management algorithm

A

NATO sources
Port guides
Port Agent
British consulate

22
Q

State how super chlorination is achieved

A

Adding 50mg/L(ppm) chlorine to each ton of water and allowed to remain for 12 hrs but not less than 4 hours.

23
Q

When is super chlorination carried out

A

Due to contamination or necessary sterilise
After refits or commissioning
After cleaning
Every 12 months

24
Q

What equipment is available to filter out chlorine resistant parasites

A

FWEU - fresh water embarkation unit

25
Q

Who would normally authorise release of FWEU when not held

A

FOMO (fleet operations and maintenance officer)

26
Q

How is the equipment preserved when not in use

A
27
Q

What is the role played by the Navel Environmental Health Officer (NEHO)

A

Check the fresh water supply and distribution system

28
Q

Name 4 of the test equipment and briefly describe what it monitors (ref FW purity)

A

SDI kit - measures particulate and colloid

Chemets K2500 - measures amount of chlorine in water

Lovibond 200 chlorine Comparator

Lovibond Hardness Test - test amount of minerals in fresh water

29
Q

Explain the responsibility the MEO has for ensuring

A

Appropriate number of fresh water samples are collected

Make sure results are to be recorded in the ME logistics log

Maintenance and use of fresh water equipment

30
Q

Why is there a requirement for potable water sampling and testing

A

Assuring that fresh water management maintains the required high standards for water quality

31
Q

Name the different types of water sampling and testing and frequency of each test

A

Bacterial contamination - 4 times a year
Chemical contamination - every 12 months

32
Q

Where are the results of testing recorded

A

ME Logistics Log

33
Q

Name the factors and give an example of information that should be taken into account for each (ref to conducting risk ass)

A

Population at risk - higher risk if larger number are consuming water

Medical information - info for operations, exercises and deployments

Geographical factors - climate, topography, flora, fauna

Epidemic and endemic diseases - types and prevalence of disease, local measures

Special environmental and occupational hazards - radiation hazards, industrial hazards

Exposure

Local history

34
Q

State 6 tests which can be conduced using the water test kit (WTK) when in an NBC environment

A

Arsenic
Pesticide/Nerve agent
Mustard gas
Color
TDS
PH
Chemiluminescence

35
Q

Describe how the conductivity meter operates

A

Two electrodes at a set distance apart
Current applied at the positive side
If fluid has electrolytes in the current will flow to the negative side
Completing the circuit
Indicating the quality level

36
Q

Describe the purpose, benefit and typical hardness expected when carrying out the Lovibond hardness test

A

Test the amount of minerals in the fresh water
Minerals help to reduce erosion of tanks and pipework
Typical is 40-80mg/L

37
Q

Briefly explain the potential problems encountered and list the actions to be taken

A

Silk

Run one plant
Cease during periods of tide
Suggest moving ship during breaks in operation (deep water/max water production)
If you remain where you are, ensure command are fully aware of risks
Chemically clean your plants or replace membranes
Additional filters and extra chlorine

38
Q

Where are the samples taken and the official guidance found

A

Taken after cartridge filters

BRd 820 chap 4 Annex A/B

39
Q

Silt density index test

Correct pressure
Normal amount of sample calculated at each test
Size of the filter pores
At what intervals are the samples normally collected
After measuring of the sample, what is recorded

A

2.07 barg / 13psi
500ml
0.45micron
5, 10, 15min
Time taken to collect 500ml

40
Q

Reject control valve
Flow meter
Boost pump

State the function
State where they are fitted
And operating parameters

A

Reject control valve - maintains pressure in system, react to high saline content - after membrane - operation up to 65bar

Flow meter - indication of the permeate flow - after the membrane but before conducting meter - L per hour

Boost pump - delivers feed water - between sea and bag filter - 2.5 to 4.5bar

41
Q

What problems can be encountered due to slippage in water quality

A

Bacterial and viral infections - compromise operational capabilities

Chemical contamination - can lead to poisoning off the ships company

42
Q

Explain how FW tanks are constructed

A

Arranged so that air pockets will not form
Man holes fitted weigh coatings and water tight covers
Ladders, popes strum and aerators are not coated
Tanks are unpainted and made from galvanised carbon steel
Only supply and suction FW pipes are to run through the tank

43
Q

State the function
Where fitted
and operating parameters

A

Cartridge filter - filters 10microns or more in size - after bag filter and before LP trip - 2.5bar
De-acidification filter - (dolomite filter) change PH to avoid corrosion damage - after conductivity meter - ph 6.5 - 6.8
HP pump -delivers feed to the DT modules - between LP trip and pulsation dampener - 69bar

44
Q

State the function
Where fitted
and operating parameters

A

Bag filter - filters 50micron or more - between boost pump and cartridge filter - 2 to 2.5bar

Conductivity sensor - measures salinity & contaminants - between flow meter and de-acidification filter

Pulsation dampener - - smoothens out pulsations - after HP pump - 30 bar

M3 (4 decks)

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