Future of Food Flashcards
What are the 3 limitations of a photo
The angle
The weather
Context
Explain why the angle is a limitation?
Only shows part of the field. Could be monoculture which reduces the nutrients of the soil and its fertility - leading to food insecurity.
Explain further the limitation of the weather?
It doesn’t give an indication of the conditions, like the wind. Volatilisation could occur if there is wind, spreading the pesticides etc over long distances, getting into groundwater supplies etc. If no drift, less impact.
Explain further about the context of the photo?
We have no idea what is being sprayed - could be toxic or it could be natural/biodegradable.
Explain Malthus’s theory
‘Principle of population growth’
Optimum population.
Human population growth at geometric scale, whilst food supply growth is arithmetic.
Human population will outstrip food supply, leading to war, famine…
There are natural checks (death) and preventative checks (abstinence, later marriage).
Pessimistic. His theory has been proved inaccurate as food production has dramatically increased (agrochemicals, polytunnels, land reclamation (wetland drainage).
Law of diminishing returns.
E.g Sahel region.
Explain Boserup’s theory?
Optimistic.
As population increases, so will the demand for food, this would push up prices and the incentive for farmers to raise production.
This would be done by cultivating more land, using more advanced technology and intensifying production (irrigation, multi-cropping).
‘Necessity is the mother of invention’.
Possibilities.
Law of diminishing returns - plateau and all the land would be all used up.
Maybe say at the end that at the moment, we are living in a boserupian period.
Define food security?
Food security exists when all people, at all times have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life.
Define human rights?
Basic rights and freedoms to which all people are entitled.
What are the world food programme’s four pillars?
Physical availability
Economic/ physical access
Food utilisation
Stability
1st point + Ethiopia
TNCS OR COUNTRIES LAND GRABBING, DENYING LOCALS ACCESS TO LAND.
Food security often threatened in lower developed countries who are more likely to abuse human rights.
Land grabbing
GDP in Ethiopia has increased by 108% but this only goes towards large companies/people that own the land.
The land grabber countries are India, China, Saudi Arabia and is transported back to the home country. None is put back into home country.
Soy beans are one of the crops grown - cash crops and community cannot live off of this food.
The land is also incredibly cheap 5-20 euros compared to 500 euros in China
‘Villageisation’ which is moving scattered people, however these people are being moved against their own will (removed from land) and the government is abusing the Humans Right Act of Article 5: right to life, liberty and personal security.
The community only have 2 hectares of land to live on - barely sustainable and lack of productivity as it is sedentary intensive farming - reducing carrying capacity.
2nd point + Honduras
LAND OWNERSHIP
Humanitarian crisis in Honduras - LIDC
Honour killings over land tenure, political instability
Killings in rural areas over land disputes - Agro-industrial firms pitted against local indigenous organisations.
Abusing the discrimination act of the Humans right act and the ‘absolute right’ of article 2 which is abused through the murders of these indigenous people.
These indigenous groups have become food insecure as they live of a majority of subsistence farming. 717,000 indigenous people - minority. They don’t have enough access to food - food insecurity.
Live off slash and burn but are being forced from their agricultural land.
3rd point + South Sudan
VARIATIONS WITHIN A COUNTRY, INTERNALLY DISPLACED PEOPLE/REFUGEES DUE TO CIVIL WAR
South Sudan has experiences human rights abuses of torture, intimidation, unlawful detentions of citizens, restriction of freedoms of privacy, speech (Article 10).
2 million are displaced, with most becoming refugees in Uganda.
Many weak and malnourished.
Rise in micronutrient deficiencies, highlighting they have food insecurity (do not have access to nutritious food).
Kakuma camp in Kenya, housing South Sudan refugees (148,000) that has begun to experience scurvy, a micronutrient deficiency due to inadequate access to fresh fruits and vegetables. UNHCR conducted examinations and discovered the outbreak which didn’t seem to improve.
4th point + Britain
FOOD SECURITY DUE TO AN UPHELD IN HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE UK
4th point + Britain
FOOD SECURITY DUE TO AN UPHELD IN HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE UK
