Futher Mechanics Flashcards
What is angular speed?
A measure of the speed of an object’s angular rotation. It is equal to the frequency of rotation multiplied by 2(pi).
What is centripetal acceleration?
The acceleration of an object moving in circular motion. Any object in circular motion must have an acceleration since the direction of the object, and therefore the velocity of the object, is constantly changing.
What is centripetal force?
The resultant force responsible for an object moving in circular motion. Centripetal forces always act towards the centre of an object’s rotation.
What is critical damping?
The form of damping that reduces the displacement of an oscillating object to its equilibrium position in the quickest time possible and without further oscillation.
What is damping?
The dissipation of energy from an oscillating system. The consequence is that the amplitude of oscillation will decrease. Damping occurs when a force opposes the system’s motion.
What are forced vibrations?
Repeated up and down oscillations, at the frequency of a driver. The amplitude of oscillation is small at high frequencies and large at low frequencies.
What are free vibrations?
Oscillations that are not caused by a driver. An object will naturally oscillate at its natural frequency.
What is overdamping?
A type of damping where the system is damped more than required to stop the oscillations. It takes longer for the system to return to equilibrium than for critical damping.
What is a radian?
A unit of angle.
What is resonance?
Resonance occurs when the frequency of oscillations is equal to the natural frequency of the oscillating system. The rate of energy transfer is at a maximum during resonance.
What is simple harmonic motion?
Motion where the acceleration of an object is directly proportional, and in the opposite direction, to its displacement.
What is underdamping?
A type of damping where energy is gradually removed from the system and the amplitude of oscillations slowly decreases.
