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Physics > Further Mechanics > Flashcards

Further Mechanics Flashcards

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1
Q

What does the momentum of an object depend on?

A

mass & velocity

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2
Q

What is the product of the two values of mass and velocity?

A

momentum of an object

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3
Q

The word equation for linear momentum is:

A

mass x velocity = linear momentum

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4
Q

The symbol equation for linear momentum is:

A

p (in kg ms^-1) = m (kg) x v (in ms^-1)

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5
Q

Is linear momentum a vector/scalar quantity?

A

vector

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6
Q

Is velocity a vector/scalar quantity?

A

vector

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7
Q

Is mass a vector/scalar quantity?

A

scalar

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8
Q

A vector quantity means that something has…

A

size (magnitude) and direction

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9
Q

A scalar quantity means that something has…

A

only size (magnitude)

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10
Q

Assuming no external forces act…

A

momentum is ALWAYS conserved.

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11
Q

The total momentum of two objects before they collide =

A

the total momentum after the collision.

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12
Q

Collisions can be…

A

elastic or inelastic.

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13
Q

An elastic collision is where…

A

momentum is conserved and kinetic energy is conserved.

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14
Q

No ………… energy is conseved

A
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14
Q

What happens in an inelastic collision?

A

Some energy is dissipated as heat/light/sound etc.

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15
Q

What is the difference between kinetic energy before a collision and the kinetic energy afterwards?

A

The energy dissipated as heat/sound etc.

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16
Q

What is Newton’s 1st Law?

A

If a body continues in its state of rest or uniform (unaccelerated) motion in a straight line unless acted upon by some resultant external force.

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17
Q

What is the resultant force acting on a body if it is not accelerating?

A

Zero.

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18
Q

When is the resultant force zero?

A

When a body is moving at a constant speed in a straight line or when is not moving.

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19
Q

Just because the resultant force is zero,…

A

it does not mean that there are not any forces acting upon it.

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20
Q

The 1st law also expresses the idea of what?

A

inertia

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21
Q

What is inertia?

A

The reluctance of a body to start or stop moving / for its motion to be changed.

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22
Q

A body of large mass is difficult to start or stop and therefore…

A

it has a large inertia.

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23
Q

The mass of a body is a measure of:

A

its inertia.

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24
Q

Linear momentum is what?

A

like, inertia it is a measure of resistance to change of motion.

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25
Q

If 2 bodies of different masses have a common velocity. Which is more difficult to stop/slow down?

A

The heavier one.

26
Q

Newton’s 2nd Law is?

A

“The rate of change of momentum is directly proportional to the resultant force acting on the body and it takes place in same direction as the force.”

27
Q

resultant force (F) = mass (m) x acceleration (a) when mass is what?

A

constant

28
Q

resultant force =

A

mass x acceleration

29
Q

ma = what?

A

the resultant force of an object

30
Q

the vector sum of all the forces adds up to make the….

A

resultant force.

31
Q

Force is measured in:

A

Newtons (N)

32
Q

Mass is measured in:

A

Kilograms (kg)

33
Q

Acceleration, (a) is always measured in:

A

metres per second per second (ms^-2)

34
Q

Acceleration is always in the …… direction as the …….. force.

A

SAME

resultant force

35
Q

Impulse =

A

change in momentum

36
Q

F = (mv - mu)/t means what?

A

rate of change of momentum

37
Q

Impulse is defined through symbols as:

A

Ft (force x time)

38
Q

Units of impulse are:

A

Newton seconds (Ns)

39
Q

On force-time graph, how is the impulse found?

A

the area underneath the line

40
Q

What is Newton’s 3rd law?

A

If body A exerts a force on body B then body B exerts the equal but opposite force on body A. (ie: action force and reaction force are equal but opposite)

41
Q

mass flow rate =

A

mass / time (m/t)

42
Q

mass = volume x density (in symbols?)

A

m = Vp

43
Q

volume = area x length (in symbols?)

A

V = AL

44
Q

resultant force equation (NOT on formula sheet)

A

pAv^2

45
Q

volume flow rate =

A

V/t and vA

46
Q

if something is energy/time what do you need to work out (not energy)

A

POWER

47
Q

on a stress/strain graph what does the steel line look like?

A

diagonally straight up then curved, goes higher up than rubber (like an r)

48
Q

on a stress/strain graph what does the rubber line look like?

A

almost vertically straight then curves up

49
Q

how much does Giga mean x10 to the?

A

9

50
Q

how to convert cm^3 into m^3

A

x10^-6

51
Q

in an elastic collision what is the impulse equivalent to?

A

2mv

52
Q

change in momentum =

A

mv [final] - (-mv) [initial]

53
Q

what does circular motion describe the motion of?

A

a body travelling at a constant speed in a circular path

54
Q

arc length =

A

rθ

55
Q

360° = how many radians?

A

2π

56
Q

in Physics what can’t you leave the the distance of arc length in?

A

radians. MUST convert into number (3sf)

57
Q

what is angular velocity?

A

the Rate of Change of an Angle

58
Q

what is rate of change of an angle measured in?

A

rad s^-1

59
Q

what is angular speed?

A

the speed and angle rotates through per second

60
Q

linear speed is measured in?

A

ms^-1

61
Q

symbol for angular speed?

A

ω

62
Q

ω is measured in what?

A

rads s^-1

Physics (2 decks)

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