Further mechanics Flashcards
when is an object undergoing SMH
objects acceleration is directly proportional to the displacement however in the opposite direction
equation for total energy in SHM system
Kinetic + potential
what is a forced vibration
force is periodically applied to cause an oscillation within a system
what is driving frequency
frequency the driving force is applied
what is resonsance
when Driving Frequency = Natural frequency energy is transferred from driving force to oscillating object with maximum efficiency therefore increases the amplitude of vibrations massively
what is constant no matter the level of damping
natural frequency
what is centripetal acceleration
when an object is moving at a constant speed through a circular path with a constantly changing direction because velocity is a vector it is changing if direction is changing
equation for Total energy
1/2mω^2A^2
equation for elastic potential energy
1/2mω^2x^2 or 1/2kx^2
what is the natural frequency
frequency a system will vibrate at when undergoing a free vibration
what factors affect natural fequency
string length
gravitational field
mass
original displacement
what are the types of damping
light damping - where the amplitude of oscillations decreases gradually with each oscillation
heavy damping - Amplitude reduces slower than with critical damping but without oscillations
critical damping - system returns to its equilibrium position in the shortest possible time without oscillation
effect of damping on amplitude frequency graphs
amplitude is lower at all frequency’s due to energy loss
the resonance peak broadens due to heavy damping
when heavily damped the peak will move to the left of natural freq
what is damping used for in real word
to negate destructive tendency’s of resonance
what is damping
energy in oscillating system is dispersed to surrounding therefore amplitude of oscillations decreases
what does f=ma tell us about an object experiencing centripetal force
it must be experiencing centripetal acceleration
