furniture exam 1 Flashcards
pine
Pine is a softwood which grows in most areas of the Northern Hemisphere. There are more than 100 species worldwide.
Properties: Pine is a soft, white or pale yellow wood which is light weight, straight grained and lacks figure. It resists shrinking and swelling. Knotty pine is often used for decorative effect.
Walnut is one of the most versatile and popular cabinet making woods. It grows in Europe, America and Asia. There are many different varieties.
Walnut is strong, hard and durable, without being excessively heavy.
It has excellent woodworking qualities, and takes finishes well. The wood is light to dark chocolate brown in color with a straight grain in the trunk.
Wavy grain is present toward the roots, and walnut stumps are often dug out and used as a source of highly figured veneer.
Large burls are common. Walnut solids and veneers show a wide range of figures, including strips, burls, mottles, crotches, curls and butts.
European walnut is lighter in color and slightly finer in texture than American black walnut, but otherwise comparable.
Walnut is one of the most versatile and popular cabinet making woods. It grows in Europe, America and Asia. There are many different varieties.
Walnut is strong, hard and durable, without being excessively heavy. It has excellent woodworking qualities, and takes finishes well. The wood is light to dark chocolate brown in color with a straight grain in the trunk. Walnut solids and veneers show a wide range of figures, including strips, burls, mottles, crotches, curls and butts.
Cherry is grown in the Eastern half of the U.S.The term fruitwood is also used to describe a light brown finish on other woods.
A moderately hard, strong, closed grain, light to red-brown wood, cherry resists warping and checking. It is easy to carve and polish.
Cherry veneers and solids are used in a variety of styles. Cherry has been called New England mahogany and is often used to craft 18th century, Colonial and French Provincial designs.
MAPLE: There are 115 species of maple. Only 5 commercially important species grow in the U.S. Two of the five are hard rock maple and sugar maple.
Properties: Maple is so hard and resistant to shocks that it is often used for bowling alley floors. Its diffuse evenly sized pores give the wood a fine texture and even grain. Maple that has a curly grain is often used for violin backs (the pattern formed is known as fiddleback figure).
Oak is the most widely used hardwood. There are more than 60 species of oak grown in the U.S., which can be separated into two basic varieties; white and red. The red variety is also known as black oak (a reference to its bark).
Properties: Oak is a heavy, strong, light colored hardwood. It is ring porous, due to the fact that more and larger conductive vessels are laid down early in the summer, rather than later. Prominent rings and large pores give oak a course texture and prominent grain. Oak also has conspicuous medullary rays which can be seen as “flakes” in quarter sawed oak lumber.
curly maple
less dense
cheaper
lighter in color
not good for furniture
softwood
chipboard (particle board)
(Available in a number of densities: Normal Density-Fairly soft and flaky, High Density-solid and hard, used for worktops, fire doors, and Medium Density. )
hardwood
rings are hard to see
Generally used for furniture, millwork, flooring, etc.
Cut and sold to yield the max usable material
May be glued for thicknesses exceeding 27 mm
(1 1/16”)Growth
more expensive
darker in color
spring
BOW
DADO JOINT
BUTT JOINT
RABBET OR SQUARE SHOULDER
LOCK SHOULDER JOINT
LOCK MITER JOINT
HALF LAP JOINT
HALF LAP MITER JOINT
FLUSH CONSTRUCTION
FLUSH OVERLAY CONSTRUCTION
REVEAL OVERLAY
LIPPED OVERLAY
