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*Microbiology > Fungi/Mycology > Flashcards

Fungi/Mycology Flashcards

1
Q

Characteristics of Fungi

A

Eukaryotes

Heterotrophs

Ergosterol in cell membrane instead of cholesterol

Cell wall of chitin, mannans and glucans

yeast or mold

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2
Q

Yeast

A

Unicellular

reproduce by budding

colonies are pasty and smooth

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3
Q

Molds

A

composed of hyphae which together form mycelium

colonies are cottony, fuzzy or woolly

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4
Q

Types of Fungi

A

septate hyphae or aseptate hyphae

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5
Q

Thermal Dimorphicism

A

some fungis grow as yeast or mold depending on the temperature.

Mold- 25C

Yeast- 37C (body temp)

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6
Q

Pseudohyphae

A

chains of elongated yeast, devoid of septa, constrictions between the cells

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7
Q

Polymorphic/pleomorphic

A

candida albicans is an example bc of its ability to grow as yeast, hyphae or pseudohyphae

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8
Q

Sexual Reproduction of fungi

A

meiosis

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9
Q

Asexual Reproduction of fungi

A

mitosis- formation of spores that germinate to give rise to a new organism

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10
Q

Conidia

A

asexual spore not enclosed in sacs

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11
Q

blastoconidia/blastospore

A

budding daughter cells produce by yeasts

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12
Q

arthrospores/arthroconidia

A

formed by fragmentation from preexisting cells in the hyphae

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13
Q

sporangiospores

A

enclosed in sacs called sporangia

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14
Q

Lab tests to ID fungi

A

morphology

isolation/culture

immunoassay/AG detection

PCR, SDA, Woods Lamp, KOH

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15
Q

Superficial Mycoses

A

Pitryiasis versicolor or tinea versicolor

skin or hair, nondestructive

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16
Q

Pitryiasis versicolor or tinea versicolor

A

Malassezia spp

lipophilic yeasts that are normal skin biota

Disease occurs when yeasts converts to hyphal form and there is excessive proliferation.

More common in tropics
more common in younger indv, using oils/lotions, sweaty, corticosteroid use

Lab Dx: skin scraping, KOH, microscope observation, culture

SPAGHETTI and MEATBALL appearance, blastoconidia

hypo/hyperpigmentation

17
Q

Cutaneous mycosis

A

infections of keratinized layer of skin, hair, nails

Dermatophytosis, tinea, ringworm

molds: tricophyton, microsporum, epidermophyton

antropophilic
zoophilic
geophilic

spore germination

lab dx: collect specimen, treat with KOH, culture

18
Q

Microsporum

A

Mostly Macroconidia

19
Q

Tricophyton

A

Many microconidia, macro usually absent or cigar shaped

20
Q

Epidermophyton

A

NO microconidia. Thin walled MACROCONIDIA, produced in clusters coming straight form the hyphae

21
Q

Clinical Presentations of Tinea

A

Tinea capitis, corporis, mannum, pedis, endothrix/ectothrix, barbae, cruris, facie, unguium

hyperpigmentation

22
Q

Subcutaneous Mycoses

A

infections of the deeper layers of the skin, muscle, fascia, or cornea

immune response produces varying levels of tissue destruction

sporothrix schenckii

23
Q

Sporothrix schenckii

A

Sporotrichosis: dimorphic, yeast is round, oval, cigar shaped. Asteroid bodies. Mold is septate hyphae with small oval conidia in a daisy pattern

rose gardeners disease; subcutaneous nodules or ulcerative lesions in a linear pattern. Rarely pulmonary or disseminated distribution in bones, joints, lungs, CNS

soil/vegetable matter (hay or rose thorns)

garden workers, ag workers

Sporothrix brasiliensis is zoonotic

24
Q

Fungal keratits

A

infection of cornea caused by molds in warm/humid areas

Candida, Aspergillus, Fusarium

Risks: Trauma, immunosuppression, wearing contacts/overnight

Lab Dx: corneal scrapings, KOH/calcofluor white, microscope, PCR, culture

25
Q

Fusarium (solani)

A

Canoe shaped macroconidia

cylindrical microconidia

26
Q

Opportunistic Mycoses

A

Candidiasis

murcomycosis

apergillosis

cryptococcosis

pnuemocystis pneumonia

IC, metabolic conditions, implanted catheters, altered microbiomes

*Microbiology (5 decks)

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