Fungi Kingdom Flashcards
What is the kingdom of fungi?
Fungi
What type of cells are fungi?
Eukaryotes
Are most fungi multicellular or unicellular?
Most are multicellular (Some are unicellular, such as yeast)
Can fungi perform photosynthesis?
No, they do not have chlorophyll
How do fungi obtain food?
Heterotrophic
What type of fungi obtain food by absorbing dead matter?
Saprophytes
What material do fungal cell walls contain?
Chitin
Are most fungi motile or non-motile?
Non-motile
To whom are fungi more closely related, plants or animals?
Animals
What enzymes do fungi use for digestion?
Hydrolytic enzymes
What is the purpose of hyphae?
To absorb food
What is a mycelium?
A widely distributed, interwoven mass of hyphae
What is the largest known fungus?
Honey Mushroom (Armillaria solidipes) in Oregon
What do mycorrhizae represent?
A symbiotic relationship between plant roots and fungi
What is a dikaryotic hypha?
Hyphae with two nuclei per cell from each parent
What is the reproductive structure of a fungus called?
Fruiting body
Why is the fruiting body found above ground?
To produce and disperse spores
What are fairy rings?
Circular patterns of mushrooms that enlarge over time
What is the difference between haploid and diploid?
Haploid: One set of chromosomes (n); Diploid: Pairs of chromosomes (2n)
How many chromosomes are in a haploid human cell?
23 chromosomes
How many chromosomes are in a diploid human cell?
46 chromosomes
What is fragmentation in fungal reproduction?
Mycelia break off to grow into new colonies
What occurs during budding in fungi?
A bulge forms on the side of a cell and separates
What are spores?
Reproductive units with a tough outer coating
What is the role of sporangia?
Where spores develop
What are the two mating types of hyphae in sexual reproduction?
+ and -
What is plasmogamy?
Fusion of two haploid cells where two nuclei coexist
What is karyogamy?
Fusion of haploid nuclei to form a diploid zygote
What happens during meiosis in fungi?
Spores are formed
Name a phylum of fungi that is mostly unicellular and aquatic.
Chytridiomycota
What type of spores do zygomycota produce?
Zygospores
What do ascomycota develop during sexual reproduction?
Sacs
What do basidiomycetes produce?
Basidiospores from basidia
What is the pronunciation of Chytridiomycota?
Kai-truhd
What is the pronunciation of Zygomycota?
Zai-go-my-kow-tuh
What is the pronunciation of Ascomycota?
A·skuh·my·kow·tuh
What is the pronunciation of Basidiomycota?
Bah-sid-io-my-kow-tuh
