Fungi

Question 1

____% normal flora

Answer 1

20 candida

Question 2

some asymptomatic people may have ___

Answer 2

pneumocystis jiroveci in their lungs

Question 3

opportunistic pathogen:

Answer 3

candida albicans: thrush

Question 4

there are _____ non pathogenic fungi

Answer 4

none

Question 5

candidemia infections

Answer 5

30-55% motality

Question 6

Copd mortality

Answer 6

over 50% with aspergillosis will die

Question 7

AIDS deaths:

Answer 7

1 mil contract cryptococcal meningitis and 600k will die

Question 8

at room temp 20, candida is:

Answer 8

yeast, psuedo-hyphae

Question 9

at body temp 37, candida is:

Answer 9

mold, germ tube, true hyphae

Question 10

fungi are ____ and have ____

Answer 10

eukaryotes, and have a rigid cell wall of chitin

Question 11

germ tube test;

Answer 11

2-4 hours at 37C forms germ tubes; NO constriction at point of orgin

Question 12

molds are _____ cellular

Answer 12

multi

Question 13

molds contain____ and are either

Answer 13

hyphae, coenocytic (hollow and multinucleated) or septate (divided by partitiions)

Question 14

Fungi is grown in _____ called___

Answer 14

media, saboutaud agar

Question 15

______ agar is especially used for ______

Answer 15

Saboutaud, dermatophytes

Question 16

Example of fungal toxins:

Answer 16

alfatoxins, produced by aspergillas fumagates: found in nuts, causes liver damage

Question 17

____ loves lipids

Answer 17

malassezia furfur

Question 18

malass. fur fur causes:

Answer 18

pityriasis (tinea) versicolor: discoloration or depigmentation (dandruff, selzen blue)

Question 19

______ from M. Fur fur is part of normal flora

Answer 19

pityriasis tinea versicolor: hyperpigmented patches on back and chest

Question 20

pityriases tinea are tested using _____

Answer 20

KOH periodic acid schiff stained skin test: speghetti meatball appearence

Question 21

tinea versicolor mechanism

Answer 21

pass test, lipases interfere with melanin cells, cause apoptosis, the complement system reacts causing inflammation and apoptosis

Question 22

possible cause of tinea versicolor

Answer 22

catheter for lipid infusion, treat with selsun blue

Question 23

3 types of dermatophytes

Answer 23

microsporum (associated with wood light test) epidermophyton, trichoptyton

Question 24

dermatophytes are:

Answer 24

imperfect, or asexual fungi

Question 25

diagnose dermatophytes using

Answer 25

koh prep, skin scrape, microsporum canis wood lamp test

Question 26

sporotrichosis or sporothrix schenckii identified by:

Answer 26

cigar shaped budding yeast

Question 27

schenckii was treated with:

Answer 27

schenKIi: KI potassium iodide

Question 28

schenckii presents with

Answer 28

ascending up lymphatics (lymphangitis)

Question 29

histo

Answer 29

looks like TB, hiv, icu, steroids, caves, hepatosplenomegly, bloody sputum, lesions calcify as they heal, tiny (all bunched up inside macrophage)

Question 30

histo can cause

Answer 30

acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), heart problems, adrenal insufficiency, possible meningitis

Question 31

blasto:

Answer 31

broad based budding looks like Balls Budding off each other, same size as rbs, great lakes, blood sample or uring sample, possible genetic connection (hmong ethnicity in wisconsin), mississippi river valley, central america

Question 32

Cocci

Answer 32

san joaquin valley, dust, spherule of endospores (larger than RBC), arthralgia (desert rheumatism) disseminated meningitis, desert bumps,

Question 33

paracocci:

Answer 33

captains wheel, south america, much larger than rbc

Question 34

fungal infection most likely to be contracted by aids patient?

Answer 34

pneumocystis

Question 35

candida:

Answer 35

diabetic, cat pos, birth control pills, yeast cold, mold heat, CD4 <50, pseudo hyphae at 20, true mold hyphae at 37

Question 36

crypto

Answer 36

encasulated, india ink, halo slide, soap bubble lessions in brain, meningitis in cd4<50

Question 37

pneumocystis:

Answer 37

ground glass, disk shaped, silver stain, cd4<200

Question 38

aspergillus

Answer 38

fungus balls lodged in air spaces (cavities) simple aspergilloma, (history of pnu, tb) aflatoxin extremely carcinogenic, 45 degree angle septated hyphae, hepatocellular carcinoma, ASpergillus Acute Septate

Question 39

mucor

Answer 39

also calleld zygomycosis, diabetic ketoacidodic, right angle, penetrate cribriform plate,

Question 40

important characteristic of all fungal infections:

Answer 40

cause serious disease in d ebillitated, and/or immunocompromised patients

Question 41

usual initiating even when infection occurs with a fungus is for the patient to

Answer 41

inhale it