Fungi Flashcards
Father of Indian Mycology is-
1- Anton Butler
2- Sir Edwin
3- Sir Edwin John Debary
4- Sir Edwin John Butler
Sir Edwin John Butler.
Father of Mycology.
Anton Debary.
How do fungi make their food? Hence, Fungi are ________ _______trophic.
They get their food from others.
Always heterotrophic.
True or False:
Fungi are partially prokaryotic. If true state when if false state the true condition.
False. They are always eukaryotic.
Fungi are either parasitic or ________.
Saprophytic.
Yeast is different from other fungi as it is ________.
Unicellular.
The functional unit of fungi are ?
Hyphae.
Hyphae are ____________ structures.
Filamentous.
Fungi store food in the form of?
Glycogen oils.
Cell wall is _________.
Present.
Cell wall is made of _________
Chitin.
Several organisms under kingdom fungi are primarily classified on the basis of ____________ in ____________.
Reduction, Sexuality.
Yeast biological name is?
Saccharomyces cerevisae.
True or False.
Yeast has no type of mycelia.
No, it has pseudomycelium that look like mycelia at reproductive stage.
Hyphae is _______ filamentous and _________ structure. Network of hyphae is called __________.
long, filamentous and mycelia.
Dikaryotic condition is found in which condition of which mycellium? Name the two types of dikaryotic conditions too.
It is found in mulitnucleate multicellular septate mycellia. Dikaryotic condition occurs as either homokaryotic or heterokaryotic.
Difference bw septate and aseptate mycellia is the presence of ______ ______.
Cross walls.
Septate mycellia are both ______ and _________, while Aseptate mycellia are mostly ________ . This condition in aseptate mycellia is called ______________ ____________.
Unicellular and Multicellular.
Multicellular.
Aseptate Coenocytic.
True or False
Binary Fission is Indirect Division.
False. Binary Division is Direct Division and Mitosis is Indirect Division.
Prosenchyma and PseudoParenchyma come under which mycellia organisation?
Plectenchyma
The four mycellia organisations are ?
1-Plectenchyma
2-Rhizomorph
3-Sclerotia
4-Stroma
Loose/compactly interwoven hyphae come under which category ? Of that category specifically compact hyphae come under which category? And what do these hyphae resemble?
Plectenchyma, PseudoParenchyma. They resemble Isodiametric/ Parenchymatus cells.
Hyphae loose their individuality in which mycellial organisation?
PseudoParenchyma.
Specifically loose hyphae come in?
Prosenchyma.
Hyphae that perform the function of roots i.e absorption of water and nutrients come under?
Rhizomorph. Hyphae look like roots.
Black/ brown structures that form thick covering around loose hyphae come under ?
Sclerotia.
Stroma is a mycellia ____ on which _______ _______ develop.
mat and fruiting bodies.
The most common method of reproduction in fungi is? It occurs through?
Asexual Reproduction. Production of Spores.
Spores are formed in ___________ Reproduction.
Asexual.
The types of vegetative reproduction seen in fungi are ?
Fragmentation, Budding, Fission, Oidia and Chlamydospores.
The only types of vegetative reproduction where spores are formed are ?
Oidia and chlamydospores.
In yeast which type of reproduction takes place. Name the specification of the said type.
Vegetative reproduction- Fission.
True or False.
Yeast reproduces through indirect division.
False. Direct i.e Binary Fission.
Binary fission is also called __________.
Amitosis.
Oidia and chlamydospores are same in the way that they are both _______ that arise from __________ through _____________.
spores, mycellia and fragmentation.
Through fragmentation ________ and ___________ arise through mycellia.
Oidia spores and chlamydospores.
These spores immediately germinate into new hyphae.
Oidia.
Bw chlamydospores and Oidia
Thin walled vs thick walled.
Thin is Oidia and thick is chlamydospores.
Chlamydospores survive under unfavourable conditions whereas ____________ don’t so they store _____________ unlike the latter.
Oidia and reserve food material.
The two types of spores in asexual reproduction are ?
Sporangiospores and Conidiospores.
In sporangiospores, spores are formed in __________ structures, whereas in ____________ they are formed on ________ by __________.
1- gemmules, sac, conidiospores, tip of hyphae.
2- sac, conidiospores, tip of mycellia, constriction.
3- sac-like, chlamydospores, tip of mycellia, constriction.
4- sac-like, conidiospores, tip of hyphae, constriction.
4.
Sporangiospores is diff than conidiospores as they are ___________.
Endogenous.
Conidiospores are either produced _____________ or in _________.
Singly or in chains.
Non motile Sporangiospores are also non-______________
flagellated.
Zoospores may be ___________ or _____________.
Uniflagellated or Biflagellated.
The order of sexual reproduction in fungi is?
Plasmogamy-> Karyogamy-> Meiosis.
Karyogamy occurs at a later stage of their life cycle. This is true for?
1- Basidiomycotina and Deuteromycotina
2- Deuteromycotina and Mastigomycotina
3- Ascomycotina and Deuteromycotina
4- Ascomycotina and Basidiomycotina
4.
Lower classes such as _____________ and _______________ lead with Karyogamy immediately after Plasmogamy.
Mastigomycotina and Zygomycotina.
Name the modes of Sexual Reproduction in Fungi.
1- Planogametic Copulation
2- Gametangial Contact
3- Gametangial Copulation
4- Spermatisation
5- Somatogamy
The diff bw Gametangial copulation and Gametangial contact is __________ of _________ of gametangia.
Loosing of identity of Gametangia.
Gametangia are ?
Structures that have motile gametes.
Gametangia are ?
Structures that have motile gametes.
Ascogonia are ___________ and are also called ____________.
Female Gametangia and oogonia.
The most advanced type of sexual reproduction is ____________.
Planogametic copulation
The type of sexual reproduction in the primitive fungi is ?
Planogametic copulation.
Ooplanogametic copulation is a type of ______________ found in ____________.
Planogametic copulation,Phytophthora infestans.
Both gametes are motile in __________ while only one is motile in ____________.
Isogametic copulation and Anisoplanogametic copulation , Ooplanogametic copulation.
A sub division that shows Planogametic copulation is ?
Mastigomycotina
The facultative parasitic fungi that shows Planogametic copulation is known for causing ?
Late Blight of Potato.
Gametangial contact is a type of __________ reproduction that includes the formation of a structure called _____________.
sexual, fertilisation tube.
The use of fertilisation tube is the transportation of ______________.
Male gametes to female gametes.
Rhizopus shows _______________ type of reproduction.
Gametangial copulation.
The sub division__________ shows ____________ reproduction where the fusing ‘bodies’ loose their individuality/identity. Name the term used for these fusing bodies too.
Zygomycotina, gametangial copulation.
Gametangia.
Class _________ includes a fungi that is both facultative parasitic and facultative saprophytic. The type of sexual reproduction seen here is ___________.
Oomycetes, Ooplanogametic copulation.
The class ___________ shows a type of Planogametic copulation.
Oomycetes.
This facultative saprophytic fungi on potato plant reproduces sexually by ______________.
Ooplanogametic copulation.
Asexual reproduction- Sporangiophores
Vegetative reproduction- Chlamydospores
Sexual reproduction- Ooplanogametic copulation
The organism here is ?
Phytophthora infestans.
A fungi from the class __________that has no motile structure shows ___________ type of sexual reproduction.
Zygomycetes, gametangial copulation.
Order ____________ shows only aplanospore as a means of asexual reproduction.
Mucorale.
Bread/ Black Mould shows formation ___________ spores after sexual reproduction.
Aplanospores.
Zygospore is the _____________ zygote formed after ____________.
Multinucleate, Gametangial Copulation.
Rhizopus __________ produces _________spores and ________spores as means of asexual and vegetative reproductions.
stolonifer, aplanospores and chlamydospores.
Ooplanogametic copulation is less in Phytophthora infestans as compared to asexual reproduction which is the most common medium of reproduction. The latter is carried out by the means of ________________.
Sporangiophores.
The zygote formed from sexual reproduction in case of infestans is converted to __________ to continue infect other _________plants. Thus ___________ reproduction continues after sexual reproduction.
Zoospores, potato and asexual.
True of False.
Aplanospores are formed from the zygote formed from Planogametic copulation in Phytophthora.
False. It’s zoospores.
Spermatisation is mentioned to be occurring in ____________ sub division.
Ascomycotina.
The higher classifications of fungi that include Spermatisation are?
Ascomycotina and Basidiomycotina.
Rust of wheat causing fungi is _____________ parasitic.
Obligate.
Spermatisation includes spermatia to fuse w _______________.
Receptive hyphae.
Spermatisation in blue mould includes ______nucleate and _______ antheridiophore and _______nucleate and __________ ascogoniophore.
uninucleate and septate, multinucleate and aseptate.
The ascogoniophore is green mould is first ____________ but later divides to become ______________.
Uninucleate and multinucleate.
The spermatia and receptive hyphae in fungi causing stem rust of wheat is of _________ strains.
Opposite.
Puccinia __________ _________.
graminus triticum.
Somatogamy is seen in __________.
Agaricus.
Penicillium is a part of class _____________ where sexual reproduction is done by spermatisation.
Plactomycedes.
____________ class includes fusion of spermatia with receptive hyphae.
Plactomycetes.
Hyphae are branched, septate and mostly uninucleate in this fungi and it is mostly ___________. This fungi shows ____________ as a type of sexual reproduction.
Saprophytic, spermatisation.
This fungi belongs to the order Uredinase and shows ______________ as a type of sexual reproduction. Is it a facultative saprophytic fungi, both saprophytic and parasitic or an obligate parasitic fungi?
Spermatisation. Obligate parasitic.
This fungi shows dikaryotization and is macrocyclic. The type of sexual reproduction in this fungi is?
Spermatisation.
The heteroeceous fungi that has barberris as its __ host. It shows what type of sexual reproduction?
Secondary. Spermatisation.
Edible fungi of Hyminomycedes class undergoes _____________ as a type of sexual reproduction.
Somatogamy.
Order___________ has fungi that shows sexual reproduction in the form of fusion of two hyphae. This type of reproduction is called?
Agaricase. Somatogamy.
