Fungi Flashcards
What species causes aspergillosis?
Aspergillus fumigatus or flavus
What are the clinical forms of aspergillus infection?
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
Aspergilloma
Invasive aspergillosis
What are the features of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and how do you manage it?
Severe asthma
Chronic cough
Eosinophilia
Steroids and itraconazole
What are the features of aspergilloma and how do you manage it?
Fungal ball develops in prexisting cavity
Haemoptysis
Surgery and itraconazole
What are the features of invasive aspergillosis and how do you treat it?
Occurs in brain, kidney, liver and skin
Amphotericin B
What are the forms of histoplasmosis and what causes them?
Small form - histoplasma capsulatum var capsulatum
Large form- histoplasma capsulatum var duboisii
What are the features of small form histoplasmosis and where is it found?
Americas, Asia and E Africa
Acute of chronic pulmonary infections
Pericarditis
Disseminated affecting BM, spleen, liver, LNs
Oral ulceration
What are the features of large form histoplasmosis and where is it found?
Central and west Africa
Focal of bone, skin, LNs
Disseminated affecting mucosal surfaces
What causes blastomycosis and where is it found?
Blastomyces dermatitidis
N America, Africa, India, Middle East
What are the features of blastomycosis?
Chronic pulmonary or disseminated disease(skin and lung)
Upper lobes
Can get lytic bone lesions
Rash: verrucous lesions with irregular borders, impetigo like
What causes coccidiomycosis and where is it found?
Coccidioides immitis
Americas
What are the features of coccidioidomycosis?
Dissemination with advanced HIV
Meninges, joints, skin
What causes paracoccidioidomycoses and where is it found?
Paracoccidioides braziliensis
South and Central America
What are the features of paracoccidioidomycoses?
Hepatosplenomegaly Fever and weight loss Lytic bone lesions Lung disease only when chronic- Apices spared Painful lesions in mouth Ulcerative/crusty lesions
What causes penicilliosis and where is it found?
Talaromyces marneffei
SE Asia
What are he features of penicilliosis?
Hepatosplenomegaly
Skin lesions like molluscum
LNs
Anaemia
What does sporothrix schenkii cause and where is it found?
Serpiginous ulcerated lesions up lymphatic tract
Disseminated disease in PLHIV
Worldwide- most common in S America
