Fungal: dermatophytosis, candidacies Flashcards
In which pts can fungal infection be severe?
Immunocompromised pts
What are the 3 main types of fungal infection ?
- Dermatophytes
tinea / ringworm - Yeasts
candidiasis / malassezia - Moulds
aspergillus
Describe and diagnose
Diagnosis:
Tinea corporis (tinea infection of the trunk and limbs)
Describe:
Itchy circular or annular lesions with a clearly defined, raised and scaly edge is typical
Tinea cruris (groin and natal cleft) very itchy and similar to tinea corporis
Describe and diagnose
Diagnose:
Tinea pedia (atheltes foot) also Tinea unguium present (infection of nail )
Describe:
TP - moist scaling and fissuring in toewebs, spreading to the sole and dorsal aspect of the foot
TU - yellow discoloured nail, thickened and crumbly
Describe and diagnose
Diagnose:
Tinea capitis (scalp ringworm)
Describe:
Patches of broken hair, scaling, inflammation
Describe and diagnose
Diagnosis:
Tinea manuum
Describe:
scaling and dryness in the palmar creases
Describe and diagnose
Diagnosis: Candidiasis
Describe : white plaques on mucosal areas, erythema with satellite lesions in flexures
Describe and diagnose
Diagnosis: Pityriasis versicolor (infection with Malassezia furfur)
Describe: scaly pale brown patches on upper trunk that fail to tan on sun exposure, usually asymptomatic
What steps / investigations to establish the correct diagnosis of fungal infections?
Skin scrapings
hair or nail clipings (dermatophytes)
skin swabs (yeasts)
What is the management for fungal infections?
General:
Treat precipitating factors e.g. immunosuppressive condition, moist environment
Specific treatment:
Antifungal
Topical : Terbinafine cream (e.g. in tinea capatis)
Oral: itraconazole (severe, widespread and nail infections)
What should you avoid in treatment of fungal infections and why?
Avoid topical steroids - can lead to tinea incognito
Complication of tinea capitis?
Scarring
Permanent hair loss
