Fungal Antibodies

Question 1

Commercial uses of fungal enzymes

Answer 1

Food industry, detergent industry, textile and paper plants and pharmaceuticals.

Question 2

Enzymes in the food industry

Answer 2

1. Amylase produced by aspergillus oryzae in syrups.
2. Proteases from fusarium sp. in dairy.
3. Lipases in flavour enhancement.

Question 3

Detergent enzymes

Answer 3

Cellulases and lipases

Question 4

Textile industry enzymes

Answer 4

Laccases bleach textiles of dyes and wood pulp for paper.

Question 5

Enzymes in pharmceuticals

Answer 5

Asparaginase from aspergillus treats lymphoblastic leukemia by asparagine.

Question 6

Commercial uses of fungal antibiotics

Answer 6

1. Penicillin from penicllium chrysogenum is a beta-lactam antibiotic.
2. Cephalosporins from acremonium sp. treat both G+ and G- infections.
3. Lovastatin from aspergillus terreus treats high cholesterol in people (inhibits HMG-GoA).
4. Griseofulvin from P. griseofulvum treats dermatophytic infections.

Question 7

How are products separated from fermentation broth?

Answer 7

Filtration, precipitation using ammonium sulfate salt and finally centrifugation.

Question 8

How are the products purified after fermentation?

Answer 8

Ion exchange, size exclusion and affinity chromatography, then crytallization.