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fundamentals_20121011220144 Flashcards

2
Q

SOB: Identify the two fundamental elements of command.

A

Authority and responsibility

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3
Q

SOB: Identify the principle of unity of command

A

Unity of command means all forces operate under a single commander with the requisite authority to direct all forces employed in pursuit of a common purpose

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4
Q

SOB: Describe the authority of Joint Force Commander (JFC) staffs

A

The staff is an extension of the commander its sole function is command support, and its authority is delegated to it by the commander. “Staff channel” is the term used to describe the channel by which commanders interact with staffs and staffs interact with each other. These staff-to-staff contacts are for coordination and cooperation only. Higher Headquarters (HHQ) staff officers exercise no independent authority over subordinate HQ staffs.

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5
Q

SOB: Define the four command relationship levels of authority (COCOM, OPCON, TACON, and Support).

A
  • Combatant Command (COCOM): COCOM is the command authority over assigned forces vested only in Combatant Commanders (CCDR) by Title 10, USC or as directed by the President in the Unified Command Plan (UCP) (See Note 1) and cannot be delegated or transferred- OPCON is a transferable command authority, inherent in COCOM, to perform those functions of command over subordinate forces involving organizing and employing commands and forces, assigning tasks, designating objectives, and giving authoritative direction over all aspects of military operations and joint training necessary to accomplish the mission- TACON is a transferable command authority, inherent in OPCON, over assigned or attached forces or commands, or military capability or forces made available for tasking. The authority is limited to the detailed direction and control of movements or maneuvers within the Operational Area (OA) necessary to accomplish assigned missions or tasks- Support is a command authority established by a superior commander between subordinate commanders when one organization should aid, protect, complement, or sustain another force
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6
Q

SOB: Define the additional levels of authority (ADCON, Coordinating authority, DIRLAUTH).

A
  • ADCON is the direction or exercise of authority over subordinate or other organizations with respect to administration and support including organization of Service forces, control of resources and equipment, personnel management, unit logistics, individual and unit training, readiness, mobilization, demobilization, discipline, and other matters not included in the operational missions of the subordinate or other organizations- Coordinating Authority: Authority delegated to a commander or individual for coordinating specific functions and activities involving forces of two or more Services, two or more joint force components, or two or more forces of the same Service. Can compel consultation, but not agreement- DIRLAUTH is that authority granted by a commander (at any level) to a subordinate to directly consult or coordinate an action with a command or agency within or outside the granting command. It is more applicable to planning than operations, and always carries with it the requirement of keeping the granting commander informed
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7
Q

SOB: Identify the levels of authority normally exercised by the COMAFFOR.

A

Normally, the COMAFFOR function executes OPCON and ADCON of assigned and attached Air Force Forces (AFFOR) through the Service A-staff. The JFACC function executes TACON over military forces made available for tasking from the JFC through a Joint Air Operations Center (JAOC).If the COMAFFOR is also designated as the JFACC, then as JFACC will exercise TACON over all assigned and attached AFFOR (inherent in OPCON), and will also exercise TACON over all forces or military capabilities made available to the JFC, delegated to the JFACC for tasking

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8
Q

SOB: Identify the level of authority normally exercised by a JFACC.

A

normally TACON

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11
Q

SOB: Identify the characteristics of the standard echelons of Army tactical organizations

A

Corps: A corps normally command and controls from 2-5 divisions and may be organized with divisions of any type and combination the theater and the mission require.The corps possesses the organic capability to synchronize these activities across all of the battlefield functional areas. Primary HQ for joint ops… Divisions are the primary war fighting tactical HQ and standard combined arms organizations that commanders may tailor according to mission, enemy, troops, time available, terrain and civil considerations (METT-TC) conditions (3+ BDEs)Brigade Combat Teams (BCT): The army is transitioning to a brigade based force to improve its ability to conduct combined arms operations. BCTs are the Army’s primary tactical organizations. (3-5K Soldiers)Modular Support Brigades: Five types of modular support brigades complement the BCTs: battlefield surveillance brigade, fires brigade, Combat Aviation Brigade (CAB), maneuver enhancement brigade, and sustainment brigade. These brigades provide multifunctional capabilities to deployed forces

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12
Q

SOB: Identify the three standardized designs of Army Brigade Combat Teams (BCT).

A

(a) The heavy BCT is a balanced combined arms unit that executes operations with shock and speed. Their main battle tanks, self-propelled artillery, and fighting vehicle-mounted infantry provide tremendous striking power. Heavy BCTs require significant strategic air and sealift to deploy and sustain.(b) The infantry BCT requires less strategic lift than other BCTs. The infantry soldier is the centerpiece of the infantry BCT. Organic antitank, military intelligence, artillery, signal, engineer, reconnaissance, and sustainment elements allow the infantry BCT commander to employ the force in combined arms formations. Infantry BCTs work best for operations in close terrain and densely populated areas. They are easier to sustain than the other BCTs. Selected infantry BCTs include special-purpose capabilities for airborne or air assault operations.(c) The Stryker BCT balances combined arms capabilities with significant strategic and intra-theater mobility. Designed around the Stryker wheeled armored combat system in several variants, the Stryker BCT has considerable operational reach. It is more deployable than the heavy BCT and has greater tactical mobility, protection, and firepower than the infantry BCT. Stryker BCTs have excellent dismounted capability. The Stryker BCT includes military intelligence, signal, engineer, antitank, artillery, reconnaissance, and sustainment elements. This design lets Stryker BCTs commit combined arms elements down to company level in urban and other complex terrain against a wide range of opponents.

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15
Q

SOB: Identify the six fundamental and enduring roles of the US Navy

A

Powerful forward presence; Strategic Deterrence; Power Projection; Sea Control and Maritime Supremacy; Strategic Sealift; Humanitarian Assistance

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16
Q

SOB: Identify the basic “building blocks” of forward deployed naval war fighting groups.

A

CSGs, with versatile, multipurpose CAWs, Surface Combatants, and Submarines; and Expeditionary Strike Groups (ESG), with special operations capable Marine Expeditionary Units (MEU-SOC). The theater commander values these highly flexible naval formations because they provide the necessary capabilities forward

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17
Q

SOB: Identify the mission capabilities of carrier-based naval aircraft.

A

Strike-fighter, C2, reconnaissance, surveillance, electronic combat/Suppression of Enemy Air Defense (SEAD), anti-submarine, tanker, and Combat Search and Rescue (CSAR) capabilities

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18
Q

SOB: Identify the doctrinal cornerstone of Carrier Strike Group (CSG) Command and Control (C2).

A

The Navy employs the CWC concept as the doctrinal cornerstone of its operational and tactical C2 system, integrating aircraft, ships, submarines, and land based forces

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19
Q

SOB: Identify the basic precept of the Composite Warfare Commander (CWC) concept.

A

Centralized command and decentralized execution

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22
Q

SOB: Identify the four basic elements of the MAGTF.

A

Command Element (CE), Ground Combat Element (GCE), Aviation Combat Element (ACE), Logistics Combat Element (LCE)

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23
Q

SOB: Identify the three MAGTFs in order of combat power.

A

MEF, MEB, MEU, Special Purpose

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24
Q

SOB: Identify the MAGTF deployment options that can forcibly enter onto hostile shores.

A

Amphibious Forces

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25
Q

SOB: Identify the MAGTF deployment option(s) that require a non-hostile environment.

A

Alert Contingency Forces (ACF) and Maritime Prepositioning Force (MPF)

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28
Q

SOB: Identify the basic war fighting unit of the Air Force.

A

Squadron

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29
Q

SOB: Identify the Air Force expeditionary organization presented to a JFC.

A

AETF

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30
Q

SOB: List the three parts of an Air Expeditionary Task Force (AETF) command element.

A

COMAFFOR, an A-staff, and an AOC

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33
Q

SOB: Identify the primary USSOCOM Special Operations Forces (SOF) components.

A

USASOC, NAVSPECWARCOM, AFSOC, MARSOC

34
Q

SOB: Identify the organization which is the primary mechanism by which a Geographic Combatant Commander (GCC) exercises Command and Control (C2) over SOF in theater, and which is capable of performing broad continuous missions uniquely suited to SOF capabilities.

A

THEATER SPECIAL OPERATIONS COMMAND (TSOC)

35
Q

SOB: Identify the three principal roles of a Theater Special Operations Command (TSOC) Commander

A

Joint Force Commander (JFC), Theater SO Adviser; JFSOCC

36
Q

SOB: Identify the organization formed to plan and execute specific Special Operations (SO), or prosecute SO in support of a theater campaign or other operations.

A

JSOTF

37
Q

SOB: Identify the SO Liaisons that integrate SOF with joint operations.

A

Special Operations Liaison Element (SOLE) and the Special Operations Command and Control Element (SOCCE)

40
Q

SOB: Identify the responsibilities of the Air Operations Center (AOC).

A

Air operations planning and execution focal point for the Air Force Forces (AFFOR), where centralized planning, direction, control, coordination and assessment of air operations occur

41
Q

SOB: Identify the primary functions of the Contingency Response Element (CRE).

A

Mobile C2 force responsible for providing continuous onsite air mobility operations management. It is a temporary organization commanded by a commissioned officer that deploys to provide air mobility mission support when C2, mission reporting, and/or other support functions at the destination do not meet operational requirements. In addition to providing Command, Control, and Communications (C3) capability, this element provides aerial port, logistics, maintenance, force protection, weather, medical, and intelligence services, as necessary

42
Q

SOB: Identify the responsibilities of the Control and Reporting Center (CRC).

A

A ground-based mobile radar element of the TACS responsible for the decentralized execution of air defense and airspace management

43
Q

SOB: Identify the responsibilities of the Air Support Operations Center (ASOC)

A

Principal AF C2 node for integrating air power into Army land operations. As a direct subordinate element of the Joint Air Operations Center (JAOC), the ASOC is responsible for the direction and control of air operations directly supporting the Army land operation

44
Q

SOB: Identify the primary functions of the Army Air Ground System (AAGS).

A

Army’s control system for synchronizing, coordinating, and integrating air operations with the commander’s scheme of maneuver. The AAGS initiates, receives, processes, and executes requests for air support and disseminates information and intelligence produced by aerial assets

45
Q

SOB: Identify the responsibilities of the Navy Tactical Air Control Center (TACC).

A

Primary air control agency in the AOA for all air operations supporting the amphibious operation until control is phased ashore to the CLF and the MAGTF

46
Q

SOB: Identify the responsibilities of the Marine Tactical Air Command Center (TACC).

A

Senior air C2 agency providing centralized command, CP for the ACE Commander, Sections include:(i) Future Plans develops the plan in support of the next MAGTF mission(ii) Future Operations develops and disseminates the MAGTF ATO(iii) Current Operations monitors execution of the ATO and makes adjustments as dictated by the tactical situation(iv) Air Combat Intelligence provides combat intelligence support for the TACC and the ACE commander

47
Q

SOB: Identify the primary functions of the Tactical Air Operations Center (TAOC).

A

USMC - Subordinate to the TACC, Ground based mobile radar agency providing execution of Anti-Air Warfare (AAW), Conducts AD and airspace control in assigned sector

48
Q

SOB: Identify the primary responsibilities of the Direct Air Support Center (DASC).

A

Principal air control agency responsible for decentralized execution of immediate CAS and assault support missions: Processes and coordinates immediate requests for air support, Procedurally controls aircraft transitioning its area, Collocated with the senior FSCC

49
Q

SOB: Identify the primary functions of the Joint Special Operations Air Component (JSOAC).

A

A single JSOAC with multiple joint SO air detachments or AF SO detachments will preserve unity of command and make the most effective use of limited theater special operations air assets.

52
Q

SOB: Explain cyber warfare terminology.

A

Characteristics – Man-made, non-contiguous, maneuverability. Threats – Nation-state, transnational actor, criminal orgs, individual or small group

53
Q

SOB: Explain USAF and joint cyber warfare capabilities.

A

Offensive - Computer Network Attack (CNA), Computer Network Exploitation (CNE), Network Attack (NetA), Network Warfare Support (NS – involves NetA and NetD), Offensive Counter Cyberspace and DEFENSIVE- Computer Network Defense (CND), Defensive Counter Cyberspace, and Network Defense (NetD)

54
Q

SOB: Explain the impact adversary cyber warfare operations can have on friendly Command and Control (C2).

A

C2 and intelligence functions depend on operations within cyberspace. Losing the capability to operate effectively in cyberspace can greatly diminish the JFC’s freedom of action

55
Q

SOB: Explain how the USAF presents cyber warfare forces.

A

The AF presents some cyberspace forces to CDRUSSTRATCOM for day-to-day operations via its Service element, AFCYBER (24th Air Force). United States Northern Command (USNORTHCOM) and United States Pacific Command (USPACOM) may conduct the civil support and Homeland Defense (HD) missions with cyberspace operations during critical infrastructure protection. Like all Air Force Forces (AFFOR), AF cyberspace forces may be assigned or attached to other CCDRs, coalition or JFCs, as directed

56
Q

SOB: Explain the role and missions of cyber warfare organizations

A

Air Force Space Command (AFSPC): AFSPC organizes, trains, and equips AF cyberspace forces to conduct sustained operations in, through, and from cyberspace and fully integrates with air and space operations. It serves as the lead Major Command (MAJCOM) for AF cyberspace procedures and Concepts of Operations (CONOPS); 24th AF: This Numbered Air Force (NAF) serves as the Component Numbered Air Force (C-NAF) to USCYBERCOM. In this role, the C-NAF commander serves as the senior AF warfighter for employment of assigned and attached forces under USCYBERCOM, 624th Operations Center (OC): As the 24 AF senior C2 element, the 624 OC is charged to plan, direct, coordinate, assess, C2 AF full spectrum cyberspace operations in support of AF and Joint war-fighters

57
Q

SOB: Explain planning and execution of cyber warfare operations.

A

Planning: The Cyberspace Tasking Cycle is initiated in response to a CCDR emerging crisis or contingency. 624 OC/SRD conducts initial mission analysis to formulate the Cyberspace Operations Directive (CyOD). Cyberspace Operations Directive (CyOD): The CyOD describes 24 AF/CC‟s (AFNetOps/CC) overall strategy for integrating and assessing full spectrum cyberspace operations in response to the current/projected threat. This directive will be provided to the plans, operations, and ISRDs, as well as subordinate or tasked units to facilitate mission planning. The CyOD drives the development and production of the AF Cyber Tasking Order (CTO) – describing how to integrate 24 AF cyberspace capabilities and the associated Cyberspace Control Order (CCO). Cyber Tasking Order (CTO): The CTO is derived from CDRUSCYBERCOM orders and, when supported, JFC’s orders. When the 624 OC is supporting a theater operation, the CTO is synchronized with the theater ATO throughout the tasking cycle, with theater operators working closely with those at the 624 OC. If supporting a single, primary theater, the tasking cycle is synchronized with that theater’s tasking cycle to optimize cyberspace support to the theater.

60
Q

SOB: Identify the three states of military operations affecting how the Commander, Air Force Forces (COMAFFOR) tailors the JAOC and IOT to meet mission requirements.

A

(1) Military Engagement, Security Cooperation, and Deterrence; (2) Crisis Response and Limited Contingency Operations; and (3) Major Operations and Campaigns

61
Q

SOB: Identify the three coordination cells the IOT forms for crisis response and limited contingency operations, or for major operations.

A

Electronic Warfare [EW], Network Warfare [NW], and Influence Operations [IFO]

62
Q

SOB: Identify the sources of IO strategy and guidance for JAOC military engagement, security cooperation and deterrence operations

A

The COMAFFOR Campaign Support Plan (CSP) is a key source of IO strategy and guidance for AOC steady-state operations

63
Q

SOB: Identify the sources of IO strategy and guidance for JAOC crisis response and limited contingency operations.

A

During a crisis response or limited contingency operation, the CCDR and COMMAFFOR contingency plans (i.e. pre-planned OPLANs and JAOPs) become the primary sources for IO strategy and guidance for AOC limited contingency operations

64
Q

SOB: Identify IOT inputs to products produced in support of the JAOC Strategy Division (SRD).

A

JAOP Objectives and Tasks, Air Operations Directive (AOD) Strategy and Planning Guidance, Assessment Recommendations

65
Q

SOB: Identify IOT inputs to products produced in support of the JAOC Combat Plans Division (CPD).

A

Joint Integrated Prioritized Target List (JIPTL) Target Nominations, Synchronized Master Air Attack Plan (MAAP), ATO Special Instructions (SPINS)

68
Q

SOB: Explain the unique characteristics of space that differentiate it from the air, land, and sea.

A

No Geographical Boundaries, Motion not affected by the Earth’s Surface, Space Weather and Debris

69
Q

SOB: Describe the unique planning and operational considerations for space planners.

A

Global Access, predictable orbits, Space capabilities may be vulnerable, timing considerations, legal considerations

70
Q

SOB: Explain the characteristics of the four space mission areas.

A
  1. Space force enhancement – ISR, Missile Warning, Environmental Monitoring, Communications and Position, Velocity, Time, and Navigation (PNT)2. Space Support – Spacelift, satellite ops, Reconstitution of Space Forces3. Space Control – Prevention, negation and protection4. Space Force Application: DOD policy defines space force application as combat operations in, through, and from space to influence the course and outcome of conflict.
71
Q

SOB: Identify the roles and responsibilities of the Joint Space Operations Center (JSpOC).

A

The JSpOC uses the space tasking cycle to translate both CDRUSSTRATCOM and JFC objectives, priorities, and intent into a coherent, synchronized plan. The Joint Space Tasking Order (JSTO), a key product of the space tasking cycle (similar to the Air Operations Center’s [AOC] air tasking cycle), is used to task and execute AFSPC assigned and attached space forces. A key difference is the JSTO is produced on a weekly basis, whereas the Air Tasking Order (ATO) is produced daily.

72
Q

SOB: Explain the differences between the three categories of space forces.

A

Global Space Forces in Theater Counterspace Operations: Global space forces are military space assets, normally assigned to USSTRATCOM that support national objectives and multiple theaters; Deployable Space Forces in Theater Counterspace Operations: Deployable space assets are space forces that can or must move forward to a theater to support operations. For example, JTAGS is a deployable system providing CCDRs with direct downlinked, in-theater early warning of ballistic missile launches; Theater Organic Forces in Theater Counterspace Operations: Organic space forces, normally OPCON to the JFC, are those that are embedded in theater in anticipation of their use in theater operations.

73
Q

SOB: Explain the support provided by space planners to each JAOC division.

A

Space Support to the Strategy Division (SRD): Space planners are responsible for integrating space capabilities in support of JFACC’s guidance and operational objectives, Space Support to the Combat Plans Division (CPD): Space planners are responsible for integrating space capabilities in support of JFACC’s guidance and operational objectives; Space Support to Combat Operations Division (COD): The Space Duty Officer (SDO) is responsible to the Chief of Combat Operations (CCO) for directing space warfare operations and assessing space warfare effectiveness; Space Support to the ISR Division (ISRD); JAOC Space Team Support: The JAOC space team can provide products/support such as GPS Precise Dilution of Precision maps

Fundamentals (11 decks)

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