Fundamentals of Programming Flashcards
What two things are data types defined by?
- The values they take
- The operations that can be performed on them
Is -44 an Integer?
Yes.
Integer : Whole number, positive or negative, including 0
Which data type can only be true or false?
Boolean
What is a user-defined data type?
A data type derived from existing data types in order to create a customised data structure
What is assignment?
Giving a constant/variable a value
What is iteration?
Repeating an instruction
What is a subroutine?
A named block of code with a set of instructions, designed to perform a frequently used operation
Which iteration is the number of repetitions not needed before the loop starts?
Condition controlled/Indefinite
What visible feature of program code signifies nesting?
Indentation
14 DIV 3?
4
30 MOD 4
2 (MOD is the remainder)
1 XOR 1?
0
Advantages of constants over hard-coded values
- Constants can have identifiers - easier for a human to understand
- When updating a value, constants only get updated at 1 position
What is concatenation?
Join two or more strings together to form a new, longer string
What is a seed value used for?
Generating random numbers
(The seed value initialises it)
What name is given to code which is ran to handle an exception?
Catch block
What subroutine always returns a value?
Function
What do we use parameters for?
Passing data between subroutines in programs
What name is given to the value passed into a parameter?
Argument
What type of variable can be accessed from any part of a program?
Global variable
Three items stored in a stack frame
- Return addresses
- Parameters
- Local variables
What is a recursive subroutine?
A subroutine which is defined in terms of itself, it calls itself.
What is a ‘base case’?
The terminating situation in recursion that doesn’t use recursion to produce a result
What error will occur if a recursive subroutine never meets its base case?
Stack overflow
Break down the meaning of this:
for (int i = 0; i < x; i++)
for (initializer; condition; iterator)
