Fundamentals of Pharmacology

Question 1

What are the disinfectant groups?

Answer 1

Phenols and Phenolics, quaternary ammonium compounds, aldehydes, alcohols, halogens, biguanide, ethylene oxide, oxidizing agents

Question 2

what are phenols and phenolics used on?

Answer 2

laundry, floors, walls, and equipment

Question 3

What are the actions of phenols and phenolics?

Answer 3

moderately bactericidal, virucidal, and fungicidal

Question 4

What are the comments for phenols and phenolics?

Answer 4

action not affected by organic material, used as a 2-5% solution on contaminated objects

Question 5

what are quaternary ammonium compounds used on?

Answer 5

instruments, rubber, inanimate objects

Question 6

what are the actions of quaternary ammonium compounds?

Answer 6

moderately bactericidal, fungicidal, and virucidal

Question 7

What are the comments for quaternary ammonium compounds?

Answer 7

action not affected by hard water

Question 8

What are aldehydes used on?

Answer 8

instruments

Question 9

what is are examples of aldehyde?

Answer 9

gluteraldehyde, Cidex-OPA, and formaldehyde

Question 10

What is the action of gluteraldehyde?

Answer 10

highly bactericidal, virucidal, and fungicidal

Question 11

What are the comments on gluteraldehyde?

Answer 11

action not affected by organic materials or hard water

Question 12

What are the comments on Cidex-OPA?

Answer 12

all items processed with aldehydes need to be rinsed with water prior to use

Question 13

What are the comments on formaldehyde?

Answer 13

use in areas of good ventilation, avoid skin and eye contact and inhalation of vapors

Question 14

What is the action of Cidex-OPA?

Answer 14

highly bactericidal, virucidal, fungicidal and tuberculocidal

Question 15

What is the action of formaldehyde?

Answer 15

highly bactericidal, virucidal, fungicidal and tuberculocidal

Question 16

What are examples of alcohols?

Answer 16

50% and 70%

Question 17

What are alcohols used on?

Answer 17

70% instruments, 50% thermometers

Question 18

What is the action of alcohols?

Answer 18

highly bactericidal, some virucidal action, and poor fungicidal action

Question 19

What are the comments on alcohols?

Answer 19

70% solution usually used, affected by organic material and dirt

Question 20

What are examples of halogens?

Answer 20

chlorines: Chlorox and iodophors: Betadine

Question 21

What are the uses for chlorines?

Answer 21

floors and cages

Question 22

What are the uses for iodophors?

Answer 22

presurgical scrub, thermometers

Question 23

what are the actions of halogens?

Answer 23

moderately to highly bactericidal, highly virucidal, moderate to highly fungicidal and some sporicidal activity

Question 24

What are the comments on halogens?

Answer 24

Chlorines: corrosive to surfaces, vapors can be irritating, (both) Iodine tincture is about 2%

Question 25

What is an example of biguanide?

Answer 25

chlorhexidine

Question 26

What are the uses for biguanide?

Answer 26

skin wounds, presurgical scrub, oral cleaning solutions, and cages

Question 27

What are the comments for biguanide?

Answer 27

residual action of about 24 hours due to binding to the skin

Question 28

what are the actions of biguanide?

Answer 28

highly bactericidal, moderately virucidal, and poorly fungicidal

Question 29

What is the use for ethylene oxide?

Answer 29

rubber goods, blankets, and lensed instruments

Question 30

what are the actions of ethylene oxide?

Answer 30

highly bacterial, virucidal and fungicidal

Question 31

what are the comments on ethylene oxide?

Answer 31

“gas sterilization” for object that cannot withstand heat, carefully read MSDS prior the handling, keep away from flames and sparks

Question 32

what are examples of oxidizing agents?

Answer 32

hydrogen peroxide and peracetic acid

Question 33

What are the uses from oxidizing agents?

Answer 33

cleaning wounds and floors, foot bath

Question 34

What are the actions of oxidizing agents?

Answer 34

moderately to highly bactericidal, virucidal, and fungicidal

Question 35

what are the comments on oxidizing agents?

Answer 35

causes oxygen release, which kills anaerobic bacteria, action not affected by organic matter or hard water.

Question 36

What is an example of ethylene oxide?

Answer 36

“killer”