Fundamentals of Parasitology Flashcards
The definitive diagnosis of parasitic infections is frequently made by the examination of stool samples for 'ova and parasites'. Which parasite may produce ova that are however not found in stool but may be present elsewhere? Trichinella spiralis Entamoeba histolytica Trichomonas hominis Necator americanus Enterobius vermicularis
Enterobius vermicularis
Which of the following statements is NOT characteristic of infections by Wuchereria bancrofti?
A. The immune response contributes to both control of the infection and pathology associated with the disease
They are transmitted by several genera of mosquitoes
The organism is an important cause of blindness in endemic areas
Infections may be treated with diethycarbamazine
Microfilariae may be found in the blood stream
Tissue nematodes Filaria
Mosquitoes
Wuchereria bancrofti
Brugia malayi/timori
Black fly: onchocerca volvulus
A school teacher was posted to a rural school where the classroom windows were not screened. As a result, she got bitten by tse tse flies. What organism was she most probably exposed to as a result of the bites? Trypanosoma cruzi Leishmania donovani Wuchereria bancrofti Necator americanus Trypanosoma gambiense
Trypanosoma gambiense: african sleeping sickness-parasites in CNS; also t ehodesience
Trypanosoma cruzi: CHAGAS Disease
Leishmania donovani
Wuchereria bancrofti: mosquito
Necator americanus
A protozoan with characteristic jerky motility is most commonly observed in of the following? Vaginal secretions Duodenal contents Blood Biopsied muscle Sputum
Vaginal secretions
A helminth that is naturally transmitted by ingestion of pork, bear, or walrus meat could be detected in in which of the following? Vaginal secretions Duodenal contents Blood Biopsied muscle Sputum
Biopsied muscle
A parasite that is acquired from the ingestion of crab or crayfish may produce eggs that may be found in which of the following? Vaginal secretions Duodenal contents Blood Biopsied muscle Sputum
Sputum
Persons who live in a rural area often complain about getting bitten by sand flies while dining in the open air. What potentially pathogenic organism may be transmitted by the sand flies? Wuchereria bancrofti Loa loa Trypanosoma cruzi Balantidum coli Leishmania major
Leishmania major: vector SAND FLY- CHAGAS DISEASE: enlarged heart and intestine!
Wuchereria bancrofti: mosquito
Loa loa- deer fly
Trypanosoma cruzi
Balantidum coli- ingestion on cysts, intestine-cysts in feces
Which of the following is LEAST LIKELY to be the cause of gastrointestinal or liver problems following the ingestion of seafood?
Diphylobothrium latum Clonorchis sinensis Heterophyes heterophyes Fasciola hepatica Opisthorchis felineus
Fasciola hepatica: liver fluke - plant/vegetable
Diphylobothrium latum: raw fish tapeworm - intestinal disease - megalobastic anemia
Clonorchis sinensis: liver fluke - p westermanii - crab
Heterophyes heterophyes: intestinal fluke - fish
Opisthorchis felineus
Many students presented to the health clinic with fever and body ache following a weekend hiking trip in Connecticut. They reported being repeatedly bitten by ticks that were abundant in the woods. What organism do the ticks most likely transmit? Entamoeba coli Babesia microti Clonorchis sinensis Dientamoeba fragilis Enterobius vermicularis
Babesia microti: tick vector for Lyme disease
A 5-year-old boy had reportedly been well until about three weeks before he was taken to a clinic. He was small for his age and he complained about vague abdominal pain with nausea. He was anorexic and had constipation for a few days. An examination of feces revealed the presence of ova with a thick shell. Which of the following was the most probable diagnosis? Amoebiasis Ascariasis Guineaworm Cysticercosis Trichuriasis
Ascariasis
A Peace Corps volunteer has just returned from India. While he was in Calcutta, he developed a fever with headache and muscle ache. He received analgesics, which reduced his fever, but the fever returned and was accompanied by intense shaking chills, sweating and exhaustion. A blood smear was examined and this revealed the presence of intraerythrocytic organisms with a ‘signet ring’ shape. What is the most probable diagnosis? Leishmaniasis Trypanosomiasis Trichinosis Malaria Shigellosis
Malaria
Which of the following organisms is a frequent cause of infection found at day-care centers in the United States? Taenia saginata Ascaris lumbricoides Strongyloides stercoralis Giardia lamblia Enterobius vermicularis
Enterobius vermicularis: very common in USA - pinworm
Taenia saginata: beef tapewrok - ontestinal disease
t. solium: pork tapework - intestine n tissue disease
Giardia lamblia: explosive diarrhea; smelly, fat stool
The lesions caused by Schistosoma japonicum are most usually found within which of the following tissues? Renal tubules Intestinal venules Lung parenchyma Nasal sinuses Ocular conjunctiva
s. japonicum and masoni: Intestinal venules
s. haematobium: bladder
Which is the form of the malaria parasite that may be transmitted from person to person? Sporozoite Gametocyte Merozoite Hypnozoite Tachyzoite
Merozoite
Which of the following organisms is most usually found in macrophages? Plasmodium vivax Ascaris lumbricoides Leishmania tropica Trypanosoma rhodesiense Trichinella spiralis
Leishmania tropica
sandfly
L. donovanii - visceral…most severe
amasyogotes: found in M1 in all forms of disease
