Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PHA 6114 > Fundamentals Of Microbiology And Parasitology > Flashcards

Fundamentals Of Microbiology And Parasitology Flashcards

1
Q

20-400nm can be seen in electron microscope

A

Viruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q
  • Intracellular parasite with no cellular structure
  • Infects all kinds of organism
  • Nuclei acids and protein
A

Virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Virus can replicate by itself

A

False (grows inside the host cell and can’t replicate by itself)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Expensive time consuming hard to cultivate

A

Virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What do we use to culture viruses

A

Fertile chicken eggs
Cultured mammalian cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Large viruses can be used as ___ of genes/ medications to cells/receptors
Used a s drug delivery system

A

Vectors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

3 Non cellular organisms

A

Viruses
Viroids
Prions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Other name for viroids

A

Virusoids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Simpler structure compared to virus

A

Virusoids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Infectious particles comprising of small, single stranded, covalently closed circular RNA

No protein

A

Viroids / Virusoids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Simplest infectious agent in terms of structure

No nucleic acid

A

Prions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Atypical form of mammalian protein that interacts with normal protein molecule to change into itself

A

Prion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Responsible for transmissible spongiform encephalopathies

A

Prions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Responsible for transmissible spongiform encephalopathies

A

Prions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Creutzfeldt Jacob Disease CJD

A

Humans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Creutzfeldt Jacob Disease CJD

A

Humans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Spherical bacteria

A

Cocci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy

A

Cattles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Rod shaped bacteria

A

Bacillus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Scrapie

A

Sheep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Unicellular

A

Bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Bacteria size

A

0.5-5.0 mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Bacteria that get nutrients from the dead
Responsible for decomposition

A

Saprophytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Dependent on host cell

A

Parasite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Not all parasites are pathogenic T/F

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Rapid reproduction - mutant gene becomes dominant

A

Asexual reproduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Genetic variation of this creature is reliant on mutations

A

Bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Oxygen is toxic to these bacteria

A

Strict anaerobes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Oxygen is necessary for these bacteria to survive

A

Strict aerobes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

This type of bacteria can switch how they survive (with or without oxygen)

A

Facultative anaerobes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Too much oxygen will cause these bacteria to die

A

Microaerophils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Non photosynthesizing plants

A

Fungi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Structure is more complex than that of a bacteria

A

Fungi

34
Q

Fungi are mostly ____

A

Saprophytes

35
Q

Most fungis have pathogenic potential (T/F)

A

False (only a few)

36
Q

Some fungi may exhibit ____-like and ____-like appearance depending on cultivation conditions

A

Yeast like (floating) and mould like (flat)

37
Q

Unicellular organisms larger than bacteria

A

Fungi

38
Q

Size of fungi

A

5-10 um (micrometer)

39
Q

More on binary fission and budding that sexual reproduction

A

Fungi

40
Q

Fungi that are visible to the naked eye

A

Toadstools and mushrooms

41
Q

Consists of tangled mass _____ of filaments or threads ____ which vary from 1-50 um micrometer

A

Mycelium, Hyphae

42
Q

How wide are hyphae or threads

A

1-50um

43
Q

Most reproduce asexually (forms asexual spores)

A

Fungi

44
Q
  • Resistant to drying
  • Contaminants of pharmaceutical raw materials of vegetable origin
  • spoilage
  • cause severe illness to immunocompromised patients
A

Spores

45
Q

Unicellular organisms larger than bacteria

A

Fungi

46
Q

Predominantly unicellular organisms that are regarded as animals rather than plants

A

Protozoa

47
Q

Why are protozoa considered animals

A

Because of their motile nature

48
Q

Size of protozoa

A

10-50um (micrometer)

49
Q

These are free living motile organisms that occur in water and soil

A

Protozoa

50
Q
  • Some are plant and animal parasites
  • Not found as contaminants of raw materials and manufactured medicines
A

Protozoa

51
Q

The great majority of these microorganisms are harmless

A

Protozoa

52
Q

Only a few of these protozoa are responsible for these specific diseases. What are they?

A

Malaria
Amoebic dysentery

53
Q

Fungi are eukaryotic or prokaryotic

A

Eukaryotic

54
Q

Bacteria are eukaryotic or prokaryotic

A

Prokaryotic

55
Q

Protozoa are eukaryotic or prokaryotic

A

Eukaryotic

56
Q

Microbial metabolism for chemoheterotroph
Source of energy?
Source of carbon?

A

Organic sources
Organics

57
Q

They breakdown organic compounds into nitrogen, carbon, and energy

A

Chemoheterotroph

58
Q

Chemical reactions with liberated energy through digestion of food materials?

A

Catabolic reaction

59
Q

Making of complex cellular polymers, proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids with the use of liberated energy

A

Anabolic reactions

60
Q

Oxidation means

A

Losing electrons

61
Q

Reduction means

A

Gaining electrons

62
Q

Indicates whether oxidizing or reducing conditions prevail in particular situations or environment

A

Redox potential

63
Q

Food should be oxidized to breakdown and release energy

A

Redox potential

64
Q

These organisms prefer low redox potential environment

A

Anaerobic organisms

65
Q

These organisms prefer high redox potential environment

A

Aerobic organisms

66
Q

Glycolysis converts __ to ___

A

Glucose to pyruvic acid

67
Q

This type of metabolism only releases a small amount of energy and oxygen is not necessary

A

Glycolysis

68
Q

True or false: is oxygen necessary for glycolysis?

A

False because it isn’t necessary

69
Q

What are the electron acceptors of an anaerobic respiration?

A

Nitrate and fumarate electronic acceptor

70
Q

What is the electron acceptor of aerobic respiration?

A

Oxygen electron acceptor

71
Q

This is the process of releasing energy from sugar in which final electron acceptor is an organic molecule

A

Fermentation

72
Q

Fermentation produces ___&____ From sugar

A

Ethanol and carbon dioxide

73
Q

Fermentation produces acids from — & —

A

Lactic acid and propionic

74
Q

-
-

A

Ethanol
Propanol
Butanediol

75
Q

What are the food materials of microorganisms?

A
  • Dilute solutions of mineral salts, and sugar
  • Rare Carbohydrates
  • Proteins and non-carbohydrate foods
76
Q

Facultative switch from __ to __ if oxygen supplies are depleted

A

Respiration to fermentation

77
Q

This is a reason why antibiotics do not work by interfering with chemical reactions used by microorganisms

A

Their ability to switch metabolic pathways

78
Q

These are produced during microbial culture growth

A

Primary metabolites

79
Q

These are produced after cell multiplication has slowed stopped

A

Secondary metabolites

80
Q

Botox is the toxin of

A

Clostridium botulinum

81
Q

Stationary phase includes

A

Antibiotics
Enzymes
Toxins
Carbohydrates

PHA 6114 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions