Fundamentals Of Math Flashcards
Value
Another word for ‘number’
Counting Numbers
Stereotypical Numbers that you count separate things with.
1,2,3, etc
Digits
(0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9) - The ten symbols.
412 = 3 digits
Place Value
How much a digit in a specific position is worth.
412
2 - Units Digits
1 - Tens
4 - Hundreths
Negative Counting Numbers
Numbers left of the zero line
Etc, -3, -2, -1
35 - 52 = ?
Convert to Big minus Small
52 - 35 = -17
Positive Numbers
Numbers to the right of ‘0’
Not Including Zero
Negative Numbers
Numbers to the left of ‘0’
Not Including Zero
Inequalities
Statements that involve “bigger than” (>) or “smaller than” (
Product
Result of multiplying two numbers.
12 is the product of 4 and 3
Factors
A number of quantity that when multiplied with another produces a given number.
4 and 3 are factors of 12
Zero and Division
0 divided by 13 = 0
13 divided by 0 = undefined
Distribution
4 x (3 + 2) = (4x3) + (4x2) = 12+ 8 = 20
Common Factor
4 x 3 + 4 x 2 = ? 4 x (3 + 2) = 20
Division and Positives vs Negatives
+ / + = +
+ / - = -
- / + = -
- / - = +
Adding, Subtracting, Multiplying Integers
Always results in an Integer
Int + Int = Int
Int - Int = Int
Int x Int = Int
Dividing Integers
Int / Int = Sometimes Integer, Sometimes Not
Numerator
Number above the Fraction Line
7 / 5 =
7 is the numerator
Denominator
Number below the fraction line
7 / 4 =
4 is the denominator
Fraction Line
The ‘/’ in division.
Decimal Point
Used to extend the place value to the right for decimals. Each place to the right of the decimal point is worth a tenth (1/10), a hundredth (1/100), etc.
- 5 = 3 + 5/10
- 25 = 1 + 2/10 + 5/100
Integer
A number with no fraction or decimal part.
3.5
Integer part (3) Fractional part or decimal part (0.5)
Rewrite 2 / 7 as a product
2 x (1/7)
3 / 15 Divisible Multiple Factor Goes Into Divides
15 is divisible by 3 15 is a multiple of 3 3 is a factor 15 3 goes into 15 3 divides 15
Even integers
Even integers are divisible by 2
0, 2, 4, 6, 8 as units digit
Odd integers
Not divisible by 2
1, 3, 5, 7, 9
0 even or odd?
0 is even because it is divisible by 2
0 / 2 = 0
5^2 - defined
5 is the base
2 is the exponent
Perfect Square
The square of an integer.
25 is a perfect square because 25 = 5^2 = int^2
Perfect Cube
A perfect cube is the cube of an integer.
64 = 4^3 = int^3
Roots
- Roots undo exponents.
- Square root of a perfect square is an integer, because a perfect square is an integer squared. (sqt36 = Int because 36 = int^2)
- Square root of any non-perfect square is unending decimal that never repeats.
Cube root
CubeRoot(8) = 2 because 2^3 = 8
Variable
An unknown number. (Aka unknown)
Coefficient
3x
3 is the coefficient
Expression
Anything that ultimately represents a number somehow. (Recipe)
x + y
3xz - y^2
Term
In an expression involves no addition or subtraction. (Typically)
Expression :: Terms :: # of Terms
x + y :: x, y :: Two
3xz - y^2 :: 3xz, y^2 :: Two
Equation
Sets one expression = to another
Order of Operations
PE(MD)(AS)
sqt(2) * sqt(2)x
2x
An integer is divisible by:
2 if the integer is even
3 if the sum of the integer’s digits is a multiple of 3
5 if the integer ends in 0 or 5
9 if the sum of the integers digits is multiple of 9
10 if the integer ends in 0
Factor Pair
A factor pair of 60 is a pair of integers that multiples together to 60
15 x 4 = 60 so 15, 4
Primes Less than 20
2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19
- 2 is the only even prime number
All prime number between 20-50
23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47
Prime Factorization
Numbers that Multiplied add up to Product
The base numbers are divisors of the Number
If d has e and f as prime factors, d is also divisible by e*f. (90 is divisible by 5 and by 3, so 90 is also divisible by 15)
