Fundamentals of IPv4 Addressing and Routing Flashcards
Each router keeps an IP ______ ______. This table lists IP address groupings, called IP networks and IP subnets.
routing table
IP __________ __________ _________ dynamically learns the data link address of an IP host connected to a LAN.
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
An ___ _____ is any device that has at least one interface with an IP address can send and recieve IP packets.
IP host
The term ______ is just a vendorneutral term for byte.
octet
Each ______ has four decimal octets, seperated by periods.
Dotted-deciamal notation (DDN)
The range of decimal numbers in each octet is betweeen __ and ____
0 and 255
True or False
All IP address in the same group must not be seperated from each oter by a router.
True
True or False
IP address seperated from each other by a router must be in different groups
True
Class A gets roughly half of the IPv4 address space, with all DDN numbers that begin with?
1-126
Class B gets one-fourth of the address space, with all DDN numbers that begin with?
128-191
Class C gets one-eighth of the address space, with all numbers that begin with?
192-223
The _______ ______ is just one reserved DDN value per network that identifies the IP network.
Network Identifier (network ID)
With Class C networks and addresses, the first ____ octets define the group.
three
With Class A networks and addresses, the ____ octet defines the group.
first
With Class B networks and addresses, the first ____ octets define the group.
two
What is the first step of the Router Forwarding Logic?
Step 1. Use the data link Frame Check Sequence (FCS) field to ensure that the frame had no errors; if errors occured, discard the frame.
What is the second step of the Router Forwarding Logic?
Step 2. Assuming that the frame was not discarded at Step 1, discard the old data link header and trailer, leaving the IP packet.
What is the third step of the Router Forwarding Logic?
Step 3. Compare the IP packet’s destination IP address to the routing table, and find the route that best matches the destination address. This route identifies the outgoing interface of the router, and possibly the next-hop router IP address.
What is the fourth step of the Router Forwarding Logic?
Step 4. Encapsulate the IP packet inside a new data link header and trailer, appropriate for the outgoing interface, and forward the frame.
TCP/IP defines the _______ ________ ________ as the method by which any host or router on a LAN can dynamically learn the MAC address of another IP host or router on the same LAN.
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
ARP defines a protocol that includes the ARP Request, which is a message that asks the simple request ___________.
“if this is your IP address, please reply with your MAC address”
Which of the following are funtions of OSI Layer 3 protocols? (choose two)
a. Logical addressing
b. Physical addressing
c. Path selection
d. Arbitration
e. Error recovery
a. Logical addressing
c. Path selection
Imagine that PC1 needs to send some data to PC2, and PC1 and PC2 are separated by several routers. Both PC1 and PC2 sit on different Ethernet LANs. What are the larger entities (in size) that make it from PC1 to PC2? (choose two)
a. Frame
b. Segment
c. Packet
d. L5 PDU
e. L3 PDU
f. L1 PDU
c. Packet
e. L3 PDU
Which of the following is a valid Class IP address that can be assigned to a host?
a. 1.1.1.1
b. 200.1.1.1
c. 128.128.128.128
d. 224.1.1.1
b. 200.1.1.1
What is the assignable range of values for the first octet for Class A IP networks?
a. 0 - 127
b. 0 - 126
c. 1 - 127
d. 1 - 126
e. 128 - 191
f. 128 - 192
d. 1 - 126
PC1 and PC2 are on two different Ethernet LANs that are seperated by an IP router. PC1’s IP address is 10.1.1.1, and no subnetting is used. Which of the following addresses could be used for PC2? (Choose two)
a. 10.1.1.2
b. 10.2.2.2
c. 10.200.200.1
d. 9.1.1.1
e. 225.1.1.1
f. 1.1.1.1
d. 9.1.1.1
f. 1.1.1.1
Imagine a network with two routers that are connected with a point-to-point HDLC serial link. Each router has an Ethernet, with PC1 sharing the Ethernet with Router1 and PC2 sharing the Ethernet with Router2. When PC1 sends data to PC2, which of the following is true?
a. Router1 strips the Ethernet header and trailer off the frame received from PC1, never to be used again
b. Router1 encapsulates the Ethernet frame inside an HDLC header and sends the frame to Router2, which extracts the Ethernet frame for forwarding to PC2.
c. Router1 strips the Ethernet header and trailer off the frame received from PC1, which is exactly re-created by Router 2 before forwarding data to PC2.
d. Router1 removes the Ethernet, IP, and TCP headers and rebuilds the appropriate headers before forwarding the packet to Router2.
a. Router1 strips the Ethernet header and trailer off the frame received from PC1, never to be used again
Which of the following does a router normally use when making a decision about routing TCP/IP packets?
a. Destination MAC address
b. Source MAC address
c. Destination IP address
d. Source IP address
e. Destination MAC and IP address
c. Destination IP address
Which of the following are true about a LAN-connected TCP/IP host and its IP routing (forwarding) choices? (choose two)
a. The host always sends packets to its default gateway.
b. The host sends packets to its default gateway if the destination IP address is in a different class of IP network than the host
c. The host sends packets to its default gateway if the destination IP address is in a different subnet than the host
d. The host sends packets to its default gateway if the destination IP address is in the same subnet as the host
b. The host sends packets to its default gateway if the destination IP address is in a different class of IP network than the host
c. The host sends packets to its default gateway if the destination IP address is in a different subnet than the host
Which of the following are functions of a routing protocol? (choose two)
a. Advertising known routes to neighboring routers
b. Learning routes for subnets directly connected to the router
c. Learning routes, and putting those routes into the routing table, for routes advertised to the router by its neighboring routers
d. Forwarding IP packets based on a packet’s destination IP address
a. Advertising known routes to neighboring routers
c. Learning routes, and putting those routes into the routing table, for routes advertised to the router by its neighboring routers
A company implements a TCP/IP network, with PC1 sitting on an Ethernet LAN. Which of the following protocols and features requires PC1 to learn information from some other server device?
a. ARP
b. ping
c. DNS
d. None of the other answers are correct
c. DNS
