Fundamentals Of iNformation technology Flashcards
Information system
A set of interrelated components that collect, manipulate, store, and disseminate data and information and provide a feedback mechanism to meet an objective.
It is the feedback mechanism that helps organizations achieve their goals, such as increasing profits or improving customer service.
The process of defining relationships among data to create useful information requires ________________
Knowledge
Data that can be used for a variety of purposes is said to be ________________
Flexible
In information systems, _______________ is used to make changes to input or processing activities.
Feedback
An ______________ is a network based on Web technologies that allows only selected outsiders, such as as partners and customers, to access authorized resources of a companies intranet.
Extranet
____________ are considered to be the most important element Ina computer based information system.
People
T/F
Information is simply a collection of raw facts such as an employee number or the total hours worked in a week
False
T/F
Some countries try to sensor or control what information is available to their citizens, especially through the Internet and social media.
True
T/F
The technology infrastructure is a set of share IS resources that form the foundation of each computer-based information system.
True
TF
Application software such as Microsoft Windows controls basic computer operations, including start-up and printing.
False
TF
Software is needed for computers of all sizes from cell phones and small handheld devices to the largest supercomputers.
True
TF
An intranet is anetwork based on Web technologies that allows selected outsiders, such as business partners and customers, to access authorized resources of a company’s extranet.
False
TF
While technologically advanced, unfortunately, e-commerce offers few advantages for streamlining work activities.
False
TF
Electronic business goes beyond e-commerce and e-procurement by using information systems and the Internet to perform all business-related tasks and functions.
True
TF
The unique value of learning systems is that they allow organizations to capture and use the wisdom of experts and specialists.
False
TF
Augmented reality is a new form of virtual reality that enables a user to become fully immersed in an artificial, computer-generated 3D world.
False
TF
The more consumers can obtain similar products and services that satisfy their needs, the less likely firms are to try to establish competitive advantage.
False
TF
It is not possible for companies to employ more than one strategy to gain strategic competitive advantage.
False
TF
Today, companies are shifting from strategic management to performance-based management of their information systems by carefully considering both strategic advantage and costs.
True
TF
Total cost of ownership is the sum of all costs over the life of the information system, excluding the costs to acquire components such as the technology, technical support, administrative costs, and end-user operations.
False
TF
Employees often search the Internet to find information about potential employees before they make hiring decisions.
True
The process of defining relationships among data to create useful information requires ________________
Knowledge
Data that can be used for a variety of purposes is said to be _________________
Flexible
In information systems, _________________ is used to make changes to input or processing activities.
Feedback
An ___________ is a network based on web technologies that allows only selected outsiders, such as business partners and customers, to access authorized resources of a company’s intranet.
Extranet
_________________ is (are) considered to be the most important element in a computer-based information system.
people
A set of integrated programs that manages vital business operations for an entire multi site, global organization is an e_____________ r___________ p____________ s____________
Enterprise resource planning system
The k_____________ m_______________ s______________ is an organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices to create, store, share, and use the organization’s knowledge and experience.
Knowledge management system
________________ is a branch of artificial intelligence that allows computers to recognize and act on patterns or trends.
Neural networks
Hiring an outside company to perform some or all of a systems development project is called _________________
Outsourcing
The goal of the s_______________ i________________ phase of systems development is to gain a clear understanding of the problem to be solved or opportunity to be addressed
Systems investigation
An organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices used to perform and record business transaction is a t__________________ p______________ s______________
Transaction processing system
___________________ is a strategy for gaining competitive advantage wherein a company strives to deliver different products and services.
Differentiation
An agreement between two or more companies that involves the joint introduction and distribution of goods and services is called __________________
Strategic partnership
The ________________ is a multi-faceted role that helps users determine what outputs they want from the system and help construct plans for developing the necessary programs that produce those outputs
Systems analyst
The number of eras of globalization that Thomas Friedman describes in his book the World is Flat is ___________
Three
An approach to work called ____________________ that enables people to work from home or while traveling.
Telecommunications
The ____________ is the world’s largest computer network consisting of thousands of interconnected networks, all freely exchanging information.
Internet
C_______________________ c__________________ allows people to get the information they need from the Internet instead of from desktop or corporate computers.
Cloud computing
The technology used to create the Internet is also being applied within companies and organizations to create _______________, which allow people in an organization to exchange information and work on projects.
Intranets
The use of mobile, wireless devices to place orders and conduct business is called __________________.
Mobile commerce
M-commerce
An organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices used to record completed business transactions is called a(n) t___________________________ p_____________ s____________.
Transaction processing system
A(n) __________________________________________ (mis)is an organized collection of people, processes, software, databases, and devices that provides routine information to managers and decision makers.
Management information system
A system to create, store, share, and use the organization’s knowledge and experience is called a (n). ___________________ (On my way!)
Knowledge management system
The collection of rules, procedures, and relationships that must be followed by an expert system to achieve the proper outcome is contained in the expert system’s ______________ __________________ (kb)
Knowledge base
_________________ ______________ , a newer form of virtual reality, and the potential to superimpose digital data over real photos or images.
Augmented reality
During the _________________ phase of the system’s development process, the project team determines how the new system should be developed to meet the business needs defined during systems analysis.
Design
The s_______________ I_________________ phase of systems development includes purchasing software, hardware, databases, and other IS components.
System implementation
______________ chain management helps determine what supplies are required for the value chain, what quantities are needed to meet customer demand, how the supplies should be manufactured into finished goods and services, and how the shipment of supplies and products to customers should be scheduled, monitored, and controlled.
Supply
__________________ __________________ management programs by SAP and others help companies of all sizes to manage all aspects of customer encounters.
Customer relationship
__________________ _______________ deals with how for-profit and nonprofit organizations plan for, implement,and handle change.
Organizational change
A ______________ information system is usually flexible, efficient, accessible, and timely.
Quality
A(n) _____________________ _________________ is a significant and ideally long-term benefit to a company over its competition, and can result in higher-quality products, better customer service, and lower costs.
Competitive advantage
One of the factors that can lead to attaining a competitive advantage is the __________________ among existing competitors.
Rivalry
Some suppliers enter into strategic _____________________ with firms and eventually act as a apart of the company.
Alliances
The IS organization has three primary responsibilities: operations, systems development, and ________________.
Support
