Fundamentals of Hydraulics

Question 1

Water expands _____ of itself for each degree change of temperature above or below 39 deg. F

Answer 1

.0001 (one ten-thousandth)

Question 2

The weight of a cubic foot of water at its maximum density (39.2 deg. F) is ___.

Answer 2

62.425 pounds or 62.5 pounds

Question 3

A cubic foot is ___ wide, ___ long, and ____ high. When multiplied together = _____ cubic inches

Answer 3

12 / 12 / 12 / 1728 cubic inches

Question 4

There is ____ cubic inches in One US standard gallon.

Answer 4

231 cubic inches

Question 5

Dividing the 1728 by 231, we find that there are ___ gallons of fresh water.

Answer 5

8.35 pounds

Question 6

Atmospheric pressure decreases as the elevation above sea level increases at a rate of approximately _____ for every thousand feet of elevation.

Answer 6

1/2 pound

Question 7

___ is the maximum theoretical height to which it would be possible to lift water by suction at sea level.

Answer 7

33.9 feet

Question 8

____ at sea level for the practical limit for draft.

Answer 8

22 2/3rd feet

Question 9

At 2000 feet above sea level the maximum theoretical distance of draft would _____ and the practical limit is ____.

Answer 9

32 feet / 21 1/3 feet

Question 10

1” of mercury (Hg) equals ___ of pressure

Answer 10

1/2 psi

Question 11

A good stream will pass ____ of its whole volume of water inside a 15” circle.

Answer 11

9/10th

Question 12

A good stream will pass ____ of its whole volume of water inside a 10” circle.

Answer 12

3/4th

Question 13

A fire stream has its greatest horizontal range when the angle it makes with the earth is approx _____.

Answer 13

30 degrees

Question 14

The vertical angle of a stream, as commonly used, is approx ____.

Answer 14

75 degrees

Question 15

If the nozzle tip is ___ or larger, the reaction is greater than the nozzle pressure.

Answer 15

7/8”

Question 16

The momentary nozzle reaction when the nozzle is first opened is ___ greater than the reaction after the water is flowing.

Answer 16

20%

Question 17

Nozzle reaction from a spray nozzle is ____ than from a solid stream nozzle tinder the same nozzle pressure and rate of discharge.

Answer 17

considerably less

Question 18

The horizontal movement of the ladder pipe should not exceed _____from the center as the ladders have little resistance to torsional effects.

Answer 18

15 degrees each way

Question 19

Water weights approx ____ per cubic foot.

Answer 19

62.5 pounds per cubic foot

Question 20

One cubic foot of water contains ___ cubic inches.

Answer 20

1728 cubic inches

Question 21

One gallon of water contains ____ cubic inches.

Answer 21

231 cubic inches

Question 22

There are ____ gallons in one cubic foot.

Answer 22

7.481 gallons

Question 23

One gallon of water weights ____ pounds.

Answer 23

8.35 pounds

Question 24

If mercury stands at a height of ___ inches (sea level), it indicates that a pressure of 14.7 pounds is present on the surface of mercury in a vessel.

Answer 24

30 inches

Question 25

h = 1.13 Hg

With the compound gage indicating 15 inches of vacuum, to what height will water rise in suction?

Answer 25

1.13 x 15 = 16.95 feet

Question 26

A stream nearly horizontal will penetrate ___ than one nearly vertical.

Answer 26

farther

Question 27

___ is considered to be the height of a story

Answer 27

12 feet

Question 28

___ feet the height of a window sill above the floor level.

Answer 28

3 feet

Question 29

Nozzle Reaction :

Answer 29

NR = 1.5(D squared) NP

Question 30

Air Leaks : Stop the priming pump and attempt to hold the vacuum in the pump. If the vacuum drops from maximum to about ____ in less than ___, there is a leak in the pump assembly. This leak may be in the valve, draincock, piping, casing or pump packing.

Answer 30

12 inches in less than 10.