Fundamentals Of Gene Expression Flashcards
What does the state of any biological system and what it does depend on?
It’s protein make-up
What do genes code for?
Proteins
What is gene expression?
The process of production of gene products
The growth and division of cells involve organised chemical requirements. What are these requirements?
. Raw materials
. Energy source
. Information
What are the differences between organisms due to?
. Differences in gene products (sequence of amino acids in proteins)
. Differences in patterns of gene expression
What is transcription?
When the information in DNA is copied to RNA.
What is transcription carried out by?
RNA polymerase
What does the base sequence of messenger RNA provide?
It provides the information to make proteins with specific amino acid sequences by the process of translation
What is translation carried out by?
Ribosomes
DNA is a polymer made up of what?
The monomer deoxynucleotide
What does deoxynucleotide contain?
Phosphate, deoxyribose (a sugar) and one of the 4 bases (A,G,T,C)
What charge does phosphate have?
Negative
What is the difference between ribose and deoxyribose?
Deoxyribose lacks O on the 2’ C atom
What is the direction of DNA molecules?
5’ to 3’
How many hydrogen bonds are there between A-T and how many between G-C?
A-T: 2
G-C: 3
