Fundamentals of Data Representation Flashcards
Binary
The language of the computer, consisting of 0s and 1s.
Bits
Individual units of binary, represented as 0 or 1.
Real numbers
Positive or negative numbers, including fractions and numbers with infinite decimal expansions.
Rational numbers
The ratio between two integers, can be written as a fraction or decimal.
Irrational numbers
Numbers with infinite decimal expansions that cannot be represented as fractions.
Ordinal numbers
Numerical positions used for ordering, such as in enumeration or array pointers.
Hexadecimal
A number system with 16 digits (0-9, A-F), used as a shorthand for binary.
ASCII
A character encoding standard that assigns binary values to characters.
Nibble
A group of 4 bits.
Byte
A group of 8 bits.
Kilobyte
1024 bytes.
Megabyte
1024 kilobytes.
Gigabyte
1024 megabytes.
Terabyte
1024 gigabytes.
Petabyte
1024 terabytes.
Real number example
A number like -3 or 7.
Rational number example
A fraction like 1/2 or 3/4.
Irrational number example
A number with infinite decimal places, like Pi.
Ordinal number example
The position of a value, like the alphabetical order of characters.
Hexadecimal example
A number in base 16, like DF.
Binary to hex conversion
Split the 8-bit binary into 2 nibbles, convert each nibble to denary, then to hex.
Hex to binary conversion
Split the hex into 2 characters, convert each character to denary, then to binary.
Denary to hex conversion
Convert the denary to binary, then follow the binary to hex method.
Hex to denary conversion
Multiply the first hex digit by 16, then add the second digit.
