Fundamentals of costing Flashcards

1
Q

Management accounting systems

A

Provide information specifically for the use of managers within an
organisation

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2
Q

Cost object

A

Anything for which we are trying to ascertain the cost

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3
Q

Cost unit

A

The basic measure of product or service for which costs are determined

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4
Q

Direct cost

A

A cost that can be traced in full to the cost unit

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5
Q

Prime cost

A

The sum of all the direct costs

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6
Q

Indirect cost (or overhead)

A

A cost that is incurred which cannot be traced directly and in full to the cost unit

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7
Q

Period cost

A

A cost relating to a period of time

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8
Q

Product cost

A

The cost of a finished product made up of its cost elements

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9
Q

Cost behaviour

A

The way in which costs are affected by changes in the level of activity where ‘activity’ can be volume of output, number of production runs etc

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10
Q

Fixed costs

A

Costs that, within a relevant range of activity levels, are not affected by increases or decreases in the level of activity

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11
Q

Variable cost

A

A cost that increases or decreases as the level of activity increases or decreases

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12
Q

Semi-variable, semi-fixed or mixed costs

A

Costs that are part-fixed and part-variable and are therefore partly affected by changes in the level of activity

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13
Q

The relevant range

A

The range of activity levels within which assumed cost behaviour patterns occur

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14
Q

Step fixed cost

A

A cost that is fixed for a certain range of activity but increases to a new fixed level once a critical level of activity is reached

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15
Q

Responsibility accounting

A

A system of accounting that segregates revenue and costs into areas of personal responsibility in order to monitor and assess the performance of each part of an organisation

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16
Q

A responsibility centre

A

A department or function whose performance is the direct responsibility of a specific manager

17
Q

Controllable cost

A

A cost that can be influenced by management decisions and actions

18
Q

Uncontrollable cost

A

A cost that cannot be affected by management within a given time span

19
Q

Professional scepticism

A

Assessing information, estimates and explanations critically, with a questioning mind, and being alert to possible misstatements due to error or fraud

20
Q

Sustainability

A

The ability to ‘meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs’

21
Q

Sustainable development

A

The process by which we achieve sustainability

22
Q

Corporate responsibility

A

The actions, activities and obligations of business in achieving
sustainability

23
Q

Governance

A

The way organisations are directed and controlled by senior officers

24
Q

ESG

A

environmental, social and governance

25
Q

Double materiality

A

Means considering not only the sustainability issues that might create financial risks for the company (financial materiality), but also those sustainability issues where a company’s activities materially impact on people and the environment (impact materiality)