Fundamentals Of Computer Networks Flashcards

1
Q

What is a network?

A

Network is an interconnection of computers and other clients to facilitate communication and the sharing of resources

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2
Q

What are the 3 types of networks?

A

PAN - Personal Area Network are devices owned by a single user connected via Bluetooth
LAN - Local Area Network covers a building or campus owned by a single organisation
WAN - Wide Area Network spreads over large geographic area with shared ownership (Internet)

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3
Q

Advantages
Wired and Wireless

A

Wired networks are more secure and less prone to interference.
Wireless networks are easier to add devices and are portable.

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4
Q

What medium do wireless networks communicate?

A

Radio Waves

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5
Q

What medium do wired networks communicate?

A

Optical fibre are used for fast connections for many computers sharing 1 connection.
Copper cabling is cheaper and slower although it is quick enough for most activities.

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6
Q

What is a network topology?

A

A network topology is the pattern in which hardware on a network is structured including connections. The 2 most common are star and bus.

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7
Q

What is the star topology?
Advantages & Disadvantages

A

Star topology is where every device is connected to a switch at the centre of the network.

Very few data collisions; Strong, centralised security

Lots of cabling needed, Adding another device can be difficult

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8
Q

What is bus topology?
Advantages & Disadvantages

A

A central cable called the backbone run between two terminators and connects all devices across the cable.

Uses little cable making it cheaper; Easily adds devices

Collisions can occur; Transmission slow with many devices

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9
Q

What is a protocol?

A

A set of rules that governs how a computer communicates on a network. Computers have protocols necessary for different purposes.

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10
Q

What are the 10 protocols?

A

Ethernet
Wi-Fi
TCP/IP
UDP
HTTP
HTTPS
FTP
SMTP
IMAP

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11
Q

What is ethernet?

A

Family protocols governing how data is formatted in transmission across LAN.

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12
Q

Wi-Fi

A

Rules controlling how data is transmitted on WLAN

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13
Q

TCP/IP

A

Transfer Control Protocol
Internet Protocol

2 protocols breaking up data into packets each of which knows where it started and will end an through what medium

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14
Q

UDP

A

User Datagram Protocol

Protocol transmits packets quickly without checking if each packet has arrived

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15
Q

HTTP

A

Hypertext Transfer Protocol

Set of rules governing how hypertext is moved around the internet from device to device

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16
Q

HTTPS

A

HTTP Secure

Encrypts data sent across the internet

17
Q

FTP

A

File Transfer Protocol

How files are moved from 1 computer to another across the internet

18
Q

SMTP

A

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

Used to send emails and files from 1 server to another

19
Q

IMAP

A

Internet Message Access Protocol

Allows multiple devices to access the same email account

20
Q

What is IP address?

A

A unique number used to identify every device connected to the internet. IP address helps specify where a web page should be delivered

21
Q

How do organisation’s keep data safe?

A

Authentification, Encryption, Firewalls, MAC Address Filtering

22
Q

What is the TCP/IP model?

A

A series of protocols that work together to transmit data from 1 computer to another through anything.

23
Q

What are the 4 layers of the TCP/IP layer?

A

Application Layer
Transport Layer
Internet/Network Layer
Network Interface Layer

24
Q

What is the application layer and what protocols come under it?

A

Where network applications operate

HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, SMTP, IMAP

25
Transport Layer
Establishes communication between sender and recipient agreeing how communication will take place TCP, UDP
26
Internet/Network Layer
Packages data for transmission into packets which are sent across the network IP
27
Network Interface Layer
Hardware such as the network interface card operate at this level Ethernet, Wi-Fi