Fundamentals of Capture Fisheries Flashcards
Refers to all kinds of harvesting naturally occurring living resources in both marine and freshwater environments.
Capture Fisheries
True or False: when a fisherman harvests from a fish cage in marine waters, it is not capture fisheries because it is cultured and may be harvested artificially and it is classified under mariculture.
True
A discipline in oceanography that studies sediments and topography of the ocean floor and the processes involved in
their formation and changes, as well as the interpretation of maps.
Geological Oceanography
A discipline in oceanography that studies physical properties of seawater, such as temperature, salinity, density,
pressure, and transmission of electricity, light, and sound in the ocean.
Physical Oceanography
A discipline in oceanography that studies chemistry of seawater including dissolved substances and chemical
cycles in the ocean.
Chemical Oceanography
A discipline in oceanography that studies marine flora and fauna, their ecology and life cycles in the ocean.
Biological Oceanography
A discipline in Oceanography that studies development of technology for oceanic research and exploration.
Ocean engineering
A discipline in oceanography that uses application of social sciences such as economics, law, human behavior, and political science toward the use and management of the ocean.
Marine Policy
Is the science which deals with the study of the physical, chemical, geological, and biological features of the ocean.
Oceanography
Is the science which deals with the study of the physical, chemical, geological, and biological features of fresh waters
Limnology
An ocean zone closest to the shore and is covered in water during high tide and exposed to air during low tide.
Intertidal zone
An ocean zone that lies over the continental shelf and there are plenty of nutrients and sunlight.
Neritic zone
Part of the ocean zone that is the open ocean out past the continental shelf with nutrients that may be scarce and fewer organisms live in the zone.
Oceanic Zone
Part of the Ocean zones that at the top 200 meters of the water and has enough sunlight for photosynthesis.
Photic Zone
Part of the Ocean zones that at the below 200 meters of the water; has not enough sunlight for photosynthesis; and organisms eat plankton and other organisms that drift
Aphotic zone
It is the zone where ocean floor is located.
Benthic zone
It is an illuminated zone (sunlit) at the surface of the sea where there is enough light for photosynthesis and all primary production occurs.
Epipelagic
It is referred to as mid water zone (twilit) with some light penetrating but lesser photosynthesis rate.
Mesopelagic
It is a pitch-black zone with no living life aside from bioluminescent organisms that is living of chemosynthesis.
Bathypelagic
It is a zone lower than the bathypelagic zone where water temperature is near freezing and no light at all.
Abyssopelagic
It is a zone where trenches and canyons are located.
Hadalpelagic
An oceanic water layer in which water temperature decreases rapidly with increasing depth.
Thermocline
A vertical zone in the oceanic water column in which salinity changes rapidly with depth.
Halocline
A layer in an ocean or other body of water in which water density increases rapidly with depth.
Pycnocline
Type of organism that can withstand only a small range of temperature.
Stenothermic organisms
Type of organisms who can survive in a wide range of temperatures.
Eurythermic organisms
Organisms who have the ability to regulate their own body temperature regardless of
the temperature of the water environment = warm blooded animals
Homeothermic
What is an absolute scale of temperature?
Kelvin Scale
Type of organism that accommodate small changes in salinity.
Stenohaline organisms
Organisms that accommodate large changes in salinity. Not necessarily mean it can live from 0 ppt (usually 20 ppt); needs acclimatization.
Euryhaline organisms
It is the unit of measurement for salinity equivalent to g/L.
Parts per thousand (ppt)
It is present at any depth in the water that is equivalent to the weight of the atmosphere and the weight of the water column. The weight of the water column is equivalent to one atmosphere for each 10-meter increase in depth.
Pressure
True or False: water pressure is greater than atmospheric pressure because it is denser; it is acted upon by hydrostatic pressure.
True
It is the pressure acting above water within the water.
Hydrostatic pressure
Freshwater density is high at______.
4°C
Seawater density is highest at________.
-1.33°C
Seawater freezes at ________.
-1.9°C
It is the weight per unit volume and is controlled by salinity, temperature, and pressure.
Density
True or False: Density increases with increasing salinity
True
True or False: Density increases with decreasing temperature
True
True or False: Density increases with increasing pressure and depth.
True
Sound…
